Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies
With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). The spectrophotometric methodology for carbonate ion determination in seawater was first published in 2008 and has been continuously evolving in terms of reagents and formulations. Although be...
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American Chemical Society
2022
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/274757 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 https://doi.org/10.13039/100000192 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100010801 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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Ocean acidification Saturation states Bio-geochemistry Oceanic carbon cycle Time-series CO2 system monitoring CO2 system variables Climate goal |
spellingShingle |
Ocean acidification Saturation states Bio-geochemistry Oceanic carbon cycle Time-series CO2 system monitoring CO2 system variables Climate goal Fernández-Guallart, E. Fajar, Noelia García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Castaño, Mónica Santiago, Rocío El Rahman Hassoun, Abed Pérez, Fiz F. Easley, Regina Álvarez, Marta Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
topic_facet |
Ocean acidification Saturation states Bio-geochemistry Oceanic carbon cycle Time-series CO2 system monitoring CO2 system variables Climate goal |
description |
With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). The spectrophotometric methodology for carbonate ion determination in seawater was first published in 2008 and has been continuously evolving in terms of reagents and formulations. Although being fast, relatively simple, affordable, and potentially easy to implement in different platforms and facilities for discrete and autonomous observations, its use is not widespread in the ocean acidification community. This study uses a merged overdetermined CO2 system data set (carbonate ion, pH, and alkalinity) obtained from 2009 to 2020 to assess the differences among the five current approaches of the methodology through an internal consistency analysis and discussing the sources of uncertainty. Overall, the results show that none of the approaches meet the climate goal (± 1 % standard uncertainty) for ocean acidification studies for the whole carbonate ion content range in this study but usually fulfill the weather goal (± 10 % standard uncertainty). The inconsistencies observed among approaches compromise the consistency of data sets among regions and through time, highlighting the need for a validated standard operating procedure for spectrophotometric carbonate ion measurements as already available for the other measurable CO2 variables. E.F.G. was supported by a Personal Técnico de Apoyo contract (PTA2016-12441-I) and N.M.F. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract (FJCI2015-24394), both from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and GAIN Grupo de Referencia Competitiva IN607A 2018/2 from Xunta de Galicia. M.I.G.-I. was supported by NOAA’s Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) via Award No. NA17OAR0170332, and by NERC’s CUSTARD (Carbon Uptake and Seasonal Traits of Antarctic Remineralisation Depths) project NE/P021263/1. A.E.R.H. was supported via the 2018 NF-POGO Shipboard Fellowship. F.F.P. was supported by the BOCATS2 (PID2019-104279GB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) ... |
author2 |
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Xunta de Galicia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US) Natural Environment Research Council (UK) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) European Commission INTERREG Atlantic Area |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fernández-Guallart, E. Fajar, Noelia García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Castaño, Mónica Santiago, Rocío El Rahman Hassoun, Abed Pérez, Fiz F. Easley, Regina Álvarez, Marta |
author_facet |
Fernández-Guallart, E. Fajar, Noelia García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Castaño, Mónica Santiago, Rocío El Rahman Hassoun, Abed Pérez, Fiz F. Easley, Regina Álvarez, Marta |
author_sort |
Fernández-Guallart, E. |
title |
Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
title_short |
Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
title_full |
Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
title_fullStr |
Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies |
title_sort |
spectrophotometric measurement of carbonate ion in seawater over a decade: dealing with inconsistencies |
publisher |
American Chemical Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/274757 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 https://doi.org/10.13039/100000192 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100010801 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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ENVELOPE(-60.873,-60.873,-64.156,-64.156) |
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Antarctic Referencia Cierva |
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Antarctic Referencia Cierva |
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Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification |
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#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//FJCI2015-24394 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-104279GB-C21/ES/OBSERVACION BIENAL DEL CARBONO, ACIDIFICACION, TRANSPORTE Y SEDIMENTACION EN EL ATLANTICO NORTE. SP1/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678760 Publisher's version Marta Álvarez, Fiz F. Pérez, Elisa F. Guallart, Mónica Castaño-Carrera, Noelia M. Fajar, Maribel I. García-Ibáñez, Rocío Santiago-Domenech, Abed El Rahman Hassoun; 2021; "Ten years of Spanish ion carbonate data in the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea [Dataset]"; Digital.CSIC; http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/13786 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 Sí Environmental Science and Technology 56(12): 7381-7395 (2022) 0013-936X CEX2019-000928-S http://hdl.handle.net/10261/274757 doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 1520-5851 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000192 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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Environmental Science & Technology |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/274757 2024-02-11T09:56:11+01:00 Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carbonate Ion in Seawater over a Decade: Dealing with Inconsistencies Fernández-Guallart, E. Fajar, Noelia García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Castaño, Mónica Santiago, Rocío El Rahman Hassoun, Abed Pérez, Fiz F. Easley, Regina Álvarez, Marta Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Xunta de Galicia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US) Natural Environment Research Council (UK) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) European Commission INTERREG Atlantic Area 2022-06-07 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/274757 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 https://doi.org/10.13039/100000192 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100010801 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 en eng American Chemical Society #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//FJCI2015-24394 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-104279GB-C21/ES/OBSERVACION BIENAL DEL CARBONO, ACIDIFICACION, TRANSPORTE Y SEDIMENTACION EN EL ATLANTICO NORTE. SP1/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678760 Publisher's version Marta Álvarez, Fiz F. Pérez, Elisa F. Guallart, Mónica Castaño-Carrera, Noelia M. Fajar, Maribel I. García-Ibáñez, Rocío Santiago-Domenech, Abed El Rahman Hassoun; 2021; "Ten years of Spanish ion carbonate data in the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea [Dataset]"; Digital.CSIC; http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/13786 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 Sí Environmental Science and Technology 56(12): 7381-7395 (2022) 0013-936X CEX2019-000928-S http://hdl.handle.net/10261/274757 doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c06083 1520-5851 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000192 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 open Ocean acidification Saturation states Bio-geochemistry Oceanic carbon cycle Time-series CO2 system monitoring CO2 system variables Climate goal artículo 2022 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c0608310.13039/10000019210.13039/50110000027010.13039/50110001080110.13039/50110001103310.13039/50110000078010.13039/50110000483710.20350/digitalCSIC/13786 2024-01-16T11:26:47Z With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). The spectrophotometric methodology for carbonate ion determination in seawater was first published in 2008 and has been continuously evolving in terms of reagents and formulations. Although being fast, relatively simple, affordable, and potentially easy to implement in different platforms and facilities for discrete and autonomous observations, its use is not widespread in the ocean acidification community. This study uses a merged overdetermined CO2 system data set (carbonate ion, pH, and alkalinity) obtained from 2009 to 2020 to assess the differences among the five current approaches of the methodology through an internal consistency analysis and discussing the sources of uncertainty. Overall, the results show that none of the approaches meet the climate goal (± 1 % standard uncertainty) for ocean acidification studies for the whole carbonate ion content range in this study but usually fulfill the weather goal (± 10 % standard uncertainty). The inconsistencies observed among approaches compromise the consistency of data sets among regions and through time, highlighting the need for a validated standard operating procedure for spectrophotometric carbonate ion measurements as already available for the other measurable CO2 variables. E.F.G. was supported by a Personal Técnico de Apoyo contract (PTA2016-12441-I) and N.M.F. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract (FJCI2015-24394), both from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and GAIN Grupo de Referencia Competitiva IN607A 2018/2 from Xunta de Galicia. M.I.G.-I. was supported by NOAA’s Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) via Award No. NA17OAR0170332, and by NERC’s CUSTARD (Carbon Uptake and Seasonal Traits of Antarctic Remineralisation Depths) project NE/P021263/1. A.E.R.H. was supported via the 2018 NF-POGO Shipboard Fellowship. F.F.P. was supported by the BOCATS2 (PID2019-104279GB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Antarctic Referencia Cierva ENVELOPE(-60.873,-60.873,-64.156,-64.156) Environmental Science & Technology 56 12 7381 7395 |