Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
Many Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocki...
Published in: | Endangered Species Research |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Inter-Research Science Center
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566 https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
id |
ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/234566 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/234566 2024-02-11T10:02:09+01:00 Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Almodóvar, Ana Leal, Sheila Nicola, Graciela G. Hórreo, José Luis García-Vázquez, Eva Elvira, Benigno Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) 2020-03-12 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566 https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 unknown Inter-Research Science Center Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029 Sí doi:10.3354/ESR01029 issn: 1613-4796 Endangered Species Research 41: 303-317 (2020) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 open Conservation genetics Effective population size Foreign stocking Genetic variability Introgression Population genetics Salmonidae artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2020 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR0102910.13039/50110000332910.13039/501100004837 2024-01-16T11:04:58Z Many Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocking with specimens from northern Europe. Eleven microsatellite loci were analysed in archival (scales from 1958-1960) and contemporary (2007-2008) samples from the River Sella. Temporal analyses revealed a similar heterozygosity between archival and contemporary samples, despite a drastic decrease in population abundance, while the contemporary sample showed a higher allelic richness due to the occurrence of foreign alleles. Considering only the alleles with at least 4% frequency in the archival sample, 2 alleles exclusive to the River Sella were absent in the contemporary sample, and 14 alleles showed a decrease of at least 4% frequency. Four alleles common in Scotland showed a high occurrence in the contemporary sample, so they are good candidates as markers of introgression of foreign genes. The heavy stocking with non-native Scottish broodstocks between 1970 and 1990 caused the introgression found in the contemporary sample when compared with the pristine population. An abrupt decrease was evident when the estimates of effective number of breeders were adjusted to take into account overlapping generations (Nb), effective population size (Ne) estimated from Nb, and number of breeders estimated using the sibship assignment method (Nb). The very low effective size values found in the contemporary sample, together with the detrimental synergy between genetic drift and high rates of introgression, represent a severe risk for the conservation of native salmon. This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through theresearch project CGL2012-36049/BOS. J.L.H. was supported by a Spanish MINECO Juan de la Cierva Incorporación postdoctoral grant (ref. IJCI-2015-23618). Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Cierva ENVELOPE(-60.873,-60.873,-64.156,-64.156) Endangered Species Research 41 303 317 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Conservation genetics Effective population size Foreign stocking Genetic variability Introgression Population genetics Salmonidae |
spellingShingle |
Conservation genetics Effective population size Foreign stocking Genetic variability Introgression Population genetics Salmonidae Almodóvar, Ana Leal, Sheila Nicola, Graciela G. Hórreo, José Luis García-Vázquez, Eva Elvira, Benigno Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
topic_facet |
Conservation genetics Effective population size Foreign stocking Genetic variability Introgression Population genetics Salmonidae |
description |
Many Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations in Europe are threatened by previous stocking with foreign hatchery strains. Temporal patterns of genetic characteristics of salmon from northern Spain, the southernmost European populations, were compared before and after species decline and heavy stocking with specimens from northern Europe. Eleven microsatellite loci were analysed in archival (scales from 1958-1960) and contemporary (2007-2008) samples from the River Sella. Temporal analyses revealed a similar heterozygosity between archival and contemporary samples, despite a drastic decrease in population abundance, while the contemporary sample showed a higher allelic richness due to the occurrence of foreign alleles. Considering only the alleles with at least 4% frequency in the archival sample, 2 alleles exclusive to the River Sella were absent in the contemporary sample, and 14 alleles showed a decrease of at least 4% frequency. Four alleles common in Scotland showed a high occurrence in the contemporary sample, so they are good candidates as markers of introgression of foreign genes. The heavy stocking with non-native Scottish broodstocks between 1970 and 1990 caused the introgression found in the contemporary sample when compared with the pristine population. An abrupt decrease was evident when the estimates of effective number of breeders were adjusted to take into account overlapping generations (Nb), effective population size (Ne) estimated from Nb, and number of breeders estimated using the sibship assignment method (Nb). The very low effective size values found in the contemporary sample, together with the detrimental synergy between genetic drift and high rates of introgression, represent a severe risk for the conservation of native salmon. This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through theresearch project CGL2012-36049/BOS. J.L.H. was supported by a Spanish MINECO Juan de la Cierva Incorporación postdoctoral grant (ref. IJCI-2015-23618). |
author2 |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Almodóvar, Ana Leal, Sheila Nicola, Graciela G. Hórreo, José Luis García-Vázquez, Eva Elvira, Benigno |
author_facet |
Almodóvar, Ana Leal, Sheila Nicola, Graciela G. Hórreo, José Luis García-Vázquez, Eva Elvira, Benigno |
author_sort |
Almodóvar, Ana |
title |
Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
title_short |
Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
title_full |
Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
title_fullStr |
Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost European populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
title_sort |
long-term stocking practices threaten the original genetic diversity of the southernmost european populations of atlantic salmon salmo salar |
publisher |
Inter-Research Science Center |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566 https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.873,-60.873,-64.156,-64.156) |
geographic |
Cierva |
geographic_facet |
Cierva |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ESR01029 Sí doi:10.3354/ESR01029 issn: 1613-4796 Endangered Species Research 41: 303-317 (2020) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/234566 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR0102910.13039/50110000332910.13039/501100004837 |
container_title |
Endangered Species Research |
container_volume |
41 |
container_start_page |
303 |
op_container_end_page |
317 |
_version_ |
1790598054867369984 |