Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle
The skull of the extinct rhinoceros Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) was discovered in the Chondon River valley (Arctic Yakutia, Russia) during the summer of 2014. This is the first find of Stephanorhinus above the Arctic Circle, expanding significantly the known geographic range of the g...
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Cambridge University Press
2017
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/194240 https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.53 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/194240 2024-02-11T10:00:41+01:00 Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle Kirillova, Irina V. Chernova, Olga F. Van der Made, Jan Kukarskihd, Vladimir V. Shapiro, Beth Plichtg, Johannes van der Shidlovskiya, Fedor K. Heintzman, Peter D. Kolfschoten, Thijs van Zanina, Oksana G. Russian Foundation for Basic Research 2017-11 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/194240 https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.53 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 unknown Cambridge University Press https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.53 Sí Quaternary Research 88(3): 570-570 (2017) 0033-5894 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/194240 doi:10.1017/qua.2017.53 1096-0287 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 none Genome Diet Skull Stephanorhinus Extreme NE Russia artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2017 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.5310.13039/501100002261 2024-01-16T10:45:22Z The skull of the extinct rhinoceros Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) was discovered in the Chondon River valley (Arctic Yakutia, Russia) during the summer of 2014. This is the first find of Stephanorhinus above the Arctic Circle, expanding significantly the known geographic range of the genus. 14C dating and geologic evidence indicate that the skull dates to between 48,000 and 70,000 yr, corresponding to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 4/3. It is thus among the latest records of this species. To explore the evolutionary and natural history of this relatively unknown animal, we performed morphological, dietary, and genetic analyses. Phylogenetic inference based on a complete mitochondrial genome sequence confirms the systematic placement of Stephanorhinus as most closely related to the extinct woolly rhinoceros, Coelodonta. Food remains in the fossas of the cheek teeth, identified as Larix, Vaccinium, Betula sp., Aulacomnium, and dicotyledonous herbs and grasses, suggest a mixed feeder’s diet. Microwear analysis suggests that, during the last months of its life, this individual fed predominantly on leaves and twigs. The habitat of Stephanorhinus comprised grassland and open woodland that were characterized by moist and cold climate conditions, similar to those in the region today The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No.15-04-08552). Peer Reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Yakutia Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Arctic Chondon ENVELOPE(138.162,138.162,71.240,71.240) Quaternary Research 88 3 537 550 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Genome Diet Skull Stephanorhinus Extreme NE Russia |
spellingShingle |
Genome Diet Skull Stephanorhinus Extreme NE Russia Kirillova, Irina V. Chernova, Olga F. Van der Made, Jan Kukarskihd, Vladimir V. Shapiro, Beth Plichtg, Johannes van der Shidlovskiya, Fedor K. Heintzman, Peter D. Kolfschoten, Thijs van Zanina, Oksana G. Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
topic_facet |
Genome Diet Skull Stephanorhinus Extreme NE Russia |
description |
The skull of the extinct rhinoceros Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) was discovered in the Chondon River valley (Arctic Yakutia, Russia) during the summer of 2014. This is the first find of Stephanorhinus above the Arctic Circle, expanding significantly the known geographic range of the genus. 14C dating and geologic evidence indicate that the skull dates to between 48,000 and 70,000 yr, corresponding to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 4/3. It is thus among the latest records of this species. To explore the evolutionary and natural history of this relatively unknown animal, we performed morphological, dietary, and genetic analyses. Phylogenetic inference based on a complete mitochondrial genome sequence confirms the systematic placement of Stephanorhinus as most closely related to the extinct woolly rhinoceros, Coelodonta. Food remains in the fossas of the cheek teeth, identified as Larix, Vaccinium, Betula sp., Aulacomnium, and dicotyledonous herbs and grasses, suggest a mixed feeder’s diet. Microwear analysis suggests that, during the last months of its life, this individual fed predominantly on leaves and twigs. The habitat of Stephanorhinus comprised grassland and open woodland that were characterized by moist and cold climate conditions, similar to those in the region today The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No.15-04-08552). Peer Reviewed |
author2 |
Russian Foundation for Basic Research |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kirillova, Irina V. Chernova, Olga F. Van der Made, Jan Kukarskihd, Vladimir V. Shapiro, Beth Plichtg, Johannes van der Shidlovskiya, Fedor K. Heintzman, Peter D. Kolfschoten, Thijs van Zanina, Oksana G. |
author_facet |
Kirillova, Irina V. Chernova, Olga F. Van der Made, Jan Kukarskihd, Vladimir V. Shapiro, Beth Plichtg, Johannes van der Shidlovskiya, Fedor K. Heintzman, Peter D. Kolfschoten, Thijs van Zanina, Oksana G. |
author_sort |
Kirillova, Irina V. |
title |
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
title_short |
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
title_full |
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
title_fullStr |
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle |
title_sort |
discovery of the skull of stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (jäger, 1839) above the arctic circle |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/194240 https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.53 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(138.162,138.162,71.240,71.240) |
geographic |
Arctic Chondon |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Chondon |
genre |
Arctic Yakutia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Yakutia |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.53 Sí Quaternary Research 88(3): 570-570 (2017) 0033-5894 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/194240 doi:10.1017/qua.2017.53 1096-0287 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 |
op_rights |
none |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.5310.13039/501100002261 |
container_title |
Quaternary Research |
container_volume |
88 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
537 |
op_container_end_page |
550 |
_version_ |
1790596396179521536 |