Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements
The Arctic region is responding heavily to climate change, and yet, the air temperature of ice-covered areas in the Arctic is heavily under-sampled when it comes to in situ measurements, resulting in large uncertainties in existing weather and reanalysis products. This paper presents a method for es...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc92682 2023-05-15T14:02:17+02:00 Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements Nielsen-Englyst, Pia Høyer, Jacob L. Madsen, Kristine S. Tonboe, Rasmus T. Dybkjær, Gorm Skarpalezos, Sotirios 2021-07-02 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/3035/2021/ eng eng doi:10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/3035/2021/ eISSN: 1994-0424 Text 2021 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 2021-07-05T16:22:14Z The Arctic region is responding heavily to climate change, and yet, the air temperature of ice-covered areas in the Arctic is heavily under-sampled when it comes to in situ measurements, resulting in large uncertainties in existing weather and reanalysis products. This paper presents a method for estimating daily mean clear-sky 2 m air temperatures (T2m) in the Arctic from satellite observations of skin temperature, using the Arctic and Antarctic ice Surface Temperatures from thermal Infrared (AASTI) satellite dataset, providing spatially detailed observations of the Arctic. The method is based on a linear regression model, which has been tuned against in situ observations to estimate daily mean T2m based on clear-sky satellite ice surface skin temperatures. The daily satellite-derived T2m product includes estimated uncertainties and covers the Arctic sea ice and the Greenland Ice Sheet during clear skies for the period 2000–2009, provided on a 0.25 ∘ regular latitude–longitude grid. Comparisons with independent in situ measured T2m show average biases of 0.30 and 0.35 ∘ C and average root-mean-square errors of 3.47 and 3.20 ∘ C for land ice and sea ice, respectively. The associated uncertainties are verified to be very realistic for both land ice and sea ice, using in situ observations. The reconstruction provides a much better spatial coverage than the sparse in situ observations of T2m in the Arctic and is independent of numerical weather prediction model input. Therefore, it provides an important supplement to simulated air temperatures to be used for assimilation or global surface temperature reconstructions. A comparison of T2m derived from satellite and ERA-Interim/ERA5 estimates shows that the satellite-derived T2m validates similar to or better than ERA-Interim/ERA5 against in situ measurements in the Arctic. Text Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet Sea ice ice covered areas Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Arctic Greenland The Cryosphere 15 7 3035 3057 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
The Arctic region is responding heavily to climate change, and yet, the air temperature of ice-covered areas in the Arctic is heavily under-sampled when it comes to in situ measurements, resulting in large uncertainties in existing weather and reanalysis products. This paper presents a method for estimating daily mean clear-sky 2 m air temperatures (T2m) in the Arctic from satellite observations of skin temperature, using the Arctic and Antarctic ice Surface Temperatures from thermal Infrared (AASTI) satellite dataset, providing spatially detailed observations of the Arctic. The method is based on a linear regression model, which has been tuned against in situ observations to estimate daily mean T2m based on clear-sky satellite ice surface skin temperatures. The daily satellite-derived T2m product includes estimated uncertainties and covers the Arctic sea ice and the Greenland Ice Sheet during clear skies for the period 2000–2009, provided on a 0.25 ∘ regular latitude–longitude grid. Comparisons with independent in situ measured T2m show average biases of 0.30 and 0.35 ∘ C and average root-mean-square errors of 3.47 and 3.20 ∘ C for land ice and sea ice, respectively. The associated uncertainties are verified to be very realistic for both land ice and sea ice, using in situ observations. The reconstruction provides a much better spatial coverage than the sparse in situ observations of T2m in the Arctic and is independent of numerical weather prediction model input. Therefore, it provides an important supplement to simulated air temperatures to be used for assimilation or global surface temperature reconstructions. A comparison of T2m derived from satellite and ERA-Interim/ERA5 estimates shows that the satellite-derived T2m validates similar to or better than ERA-Interim/ERA5 against in situ measurements in the Arctic. |
format |
Text |
author |
Nielsen-Englyst, Pia Høyer, Jacob L. Madsen, Kristine S. Tonboe, Rasmus T. Dybkjær, Gorm Skarpalezos, Sotirios |
spellingShingle |
Nielsen-Englyst, Pia Høyer, Jacob L. Madsen, Kristine S. Tonboe, Rasmus T. Dybkjær, Gorm Skarpalezos, Sotirios Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
author_facet |
Nielsen-Englyst, Pia Høyer, Jacob L. Madsen, Kristine S. Tonboe, Rasmus T. Dybkjær, Gorm Skarpalezos, Sotirios |
author_sort |
Nielsen-Englyst, Pia |
title |
Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
title_short |
Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
title_full |
Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
title_fullStr |
Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deriving Arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
title_sort |
deriving arctic 2 m air temperatures over snow and ice from satellite surface temperature measurements |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/3035/2021/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet Sea ice ice covered areas |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet Sea ice ice covered areas |
op_source |
eISSN: 1994-0424 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/3035/2021/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3035-2021 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3035 |
op_container_end_page |
3057 |
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1766272447275859968 |