Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia
While variations of Baltic Sea ice extent and thickness have been extensively studied, there is little information about drift ice thickness, distribution, and its variability. In our study, we quantify the interannual variability of sea ice thickness in the Bay of Bothnia during the years 2003–2016...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc68624 2023-05-15T18:17:26+02:00 Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia Ronkainen, Iina Lehtiranta, Jonni Lensu, Mikko Rinne, Eero Haapala, Jari Haas, Christian 2018-11-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/12/3459/2018/ eng eng doi:10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/12/3459/2018/ eISSN: 1994-0424 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 2020-07-20T16:23:04Z While variations of Baltic Sea ice extent and thickness have been extensively studied, there is little information about drift ice thickness, distribution, and its variability. In our study, we quantify the interannual variability of sea ice thickness in the Bay of Bothnia during the years 2003–2016. We use various different data sets: official ice charts, drilling data from the regular monitoring stations in the coastal fast ice zone, and helicopter and shipborne electromagnetic soundings. We analyze the different data sets and compare them to each other to characterize the interannual variability, to discuss the ratio of level and deformed ice, and to derive ice thickness distributions in the drift ice zone. In the fast ice zone the average ice thickness is 0.58±0.13 m. Deformed ice increases the variability of ice conditions in the drift ice zone, where the average ice thickness is 0.92±0.33 m. On average, the fraction of deformed ice is 50 % to 70 % of the total volume. In heavily ridged ice regions near the coast, mean ice thickness is approximately half a meter thicker than that of pure thermodynamically grown fast ice. Drift ice exhibits larger interannual variability than fast ice. Text Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals The Cryosphere 12 11 3459 3476 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
While variations of Baltic Sea ice extent and thickness have been extensively studied, there is little information about drift ice thickness, distribution, and its variability. In our study, we quantify the interannual variability of sea ice thickness in the Bay of Bothnia during the years 2003–2016. We use various different data sets: official ice charts, drilling data from the regular monitoring stations in the coastal fast ice zone, and helicopter and shipborne electromagnetic soundings. We analyze the different data sets and compare them to each other to characterize the interannual variability, to discuss the ratio of level and deformed ice, and to derive ice thickness distributions in the drift ice zone. In the fast ice zone the average ice thickness is 0.58±0.13 m. Deformed ice increases the variability of ice conditions in the drift ice zone, where the average ice thickness is 0.92±0.33 m. On average, the fraction of deformed ice is 50 % to 70 % of the total volume. In heavily ridged ice regions near the coast, mean ice thickness is approximately half a meter thicker than that of pure thermodynamically grown fast ice. Drift ice exhibits larger interannual variability than fast ice. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ronkainen, Iina Lehtiranta, Jonni Lensu, Mikko Rinne, Eero Haapala, Jari Haas, Christian |
spellingShingle |
Ronkainen, Iina Lehtiranta, Jonni Lensu, Mikko Rinne, Eero Haapala, Jari Haas, Christian Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
author_facet |
Ronkainen, Iina Lehtiranta, Jonni Lensu, Mikko Rinne, Eero Haapala, Jari Haas, Christian |
author_sort |
Ronkainen, Iina |
title |
Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
title_short |
Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
title_full |
Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
title_fullStr |
Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia |
title_sort |
interannual sea ice thickness variability in the bay of bothnia |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/12/3459/2018/ |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1994-0424 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/12/3459/2018/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3459-2018 |
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The Cryosphere |
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12 |
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11 |
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3459 |
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3476 |
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1766191656886861824 |