New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery
Visible satellite imagery from the 1964 Nimbus I satellite has been recovered, digitized, and processed to estimate Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent for September 1964. September is the month when the Arctic sea ice reaches its minimum annual extent and the Antarctic sea ice reaches its maximum....
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc18067 2023-05-15T13:54:27+02:00 New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery Meier, W. N. Gallaher, D. Campbell, G. G. 2018-09-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/7/699/2013/ eng eng doi:10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/7/699/2013/ eISSN: 1994-0424 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 2020-07-20T16:25:29Z Visible satellite imagery from the 1964 Nimbus I satellite has been recovered, digitized, and processed to estimate Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent for September 1964. September is the month when the Arctic sea ice reaches its minimum annual extent and the Antarctic sea ice reaches its maximum. Images from a three-week period were manually analyzed to estimate the location of the ice edge and then composited to obtain a hemispheric estimate. Uncertainties were based on limitations in the image analysis and the variation of the ice cover over the three-week period. The 1964 Antarctic extent is higher than estimates from the 1979–present passive microwave record, but is in accord with previous indications of higher extents during the 1960s. The Arctic 1964 extent is near the 1979–2000 average from the passive microwave record, suggesting relatively stable summer extents during the 1960s and 1970s preceding the downward trend since 1979 and particularly the large decrease in the last decade. These early satellite data put the recently observed record into a longer-term context. Text Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic The Cryosphere 7 2 699 705 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Visible satellite imagery from the 1964 Nimbus I satellite has been recovered, digitized, and processed to estimate Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent for September 1964. September is the month when the Arctic sea ice reaches its minimum annual extent and the Antarctic sea ice reaches its maximum. Images from a three-week period were manually analyzed to estimate the location of the ice edge and then composited to obtain a hemispheric estimate. Uncertainties were based on limitations in the image analysis and the variation of the ice cover over the three-week period. The 1964 Antarctic extent is higher than estimates from the 1979–present passive microwave record, but is in accord with previous indications of higher extents during the 1960s. The Arctic 1964 extent is near the 1979–2000 average from the passive microwave record, suggesting relatively stable summer extents during the 1960s and 1970s preceding the downward trend since 1979 and particularly the large decrease in the last decade. These early satellite data put the recently observed record into a longer-term context. |
format |
Text |
author |
Meier, W. N. Gallaher, D. Campbell, G. G. |
spellingShingle |
Meier, W. N. Gallaher, D. Campbell, G. G. New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
author_facet |
Meier, W. N. Gallaher, D. Campbell, G. G. |
author_sort |
Meier, W. N. |
title |
New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
title_short |
New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
title_full |
New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
title_fullStr |
New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
title_full_unstemmed |
New estimates of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent during September 1964 from recovered Nimbus I satellite imagery |
title_sort |
new estimates of arctic and antarctic sea ice extent during september 1964 from recovered nimbus i satellite imagery |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/7/699/2013/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1994-0424 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/7/699/2013/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-699-2013 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
699 |
op_container_end_page |
705 |
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1766260379263959040 |