Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys
Sea-ice ridges constitute a large fraction of the total Arctic sea-ice area (up to 40 %–50 %); nevertheless, they are the least studied part of the ice pack. Here we investigate sea-ice melt rates using rare, repeated underwater multibeam sonar surveys that cover a period of 1 month during the advan...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/4873/2023/ |
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc113096 2023-12-24T10:14:05+01:00 Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys Salganik, Evgenii Lange, Benjamin A. Katlein, Christian Matero, Ilkka Anhaus, Philipp Muilwijk, Morven Høyland, Knut V. Granskog, Mats A. 2023-11-20 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/4873/2023/ eng eng doi:10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/4873/2023/ eISSN: 1994-0424 Text 2023 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 2023-11-27T17:24:18Z Sea-ice ridges constitute a large fraction of the total Arctic sea-ice area (up to 40 %–50 %); nevertheless, they are the least studied part of the ice pack. Here we investigate sea-ice melt rates using rare, repeated underwater multibeam sonar surveys that cover a period of 1 month during the advanced stage of sea-ice melt. Bottom melt increases with ice draft for first- and second-year level ice and a first-year ice ridge, with an average of 0.46, 0.55, and 0.95 m of total snow and ice melt in the observation period, respectively. On average, the studied ridge had a 4.6 m keel bottom draft, was 42 m wide, and had 4 % macroporosity. While bottom melt rates of ridge keel were 3.8 times higher than first-year level ice, surface melt rates were almost identical but responsible for 40 % of ridge draft decrease. Average cross-sectional keel melt ranged from 0.2 to 2.6 m, with a maximum point ice loss of 6 m, showcasing its large spatial variability. We attribute 57 % of the ridge total (surface and bottom) melt variability to keel draft (36 %), slope (32 %), and width (27 %), with higher melt for ridges with a larger draft, a steeper slope, and a smaller width. The melt rate of the ridge keel flanks was proportional to the draft, with increased keel melt within 10 m of its bottom corners and the melt rates between these corners comparable to the melt rates of level ice. Text Arctic ice pack Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic The Cryosphere 17 11 4873 4887 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Sea-ice ridges constitute a large fraction of the total Arctic sea-ice area (up to 40 %–50 %); nevertheless, they are the least studied part of the ice pack. Here we investigate sea-ice melt rates using rare, repeated underwater multibeam sonar surveys that cover a period of 1 month during the advanced stage of sea-ice melt. Bottom melt increases with ice draft for first- and second-year level ice and a first-year ice ridge, with an average of 0.46, 0.55, and 0.95 m of total snow and ice melt in the observation period, respectively. On average, the studied ridge had a 4.6 m keel bottom draft, was 42 m wide, and had 4 % macroporosity. While bottom melt rates of ridge keel were 3.8 times higher than first-year level ice, surface melt rates were almost identical but responsible for 40 % of ridge draft decrease. Average cross-sectional keel melt ranged from 0.2 to 2.6 m, with a maximum point ice loss of 6 m, showcasing its large spatial variability. We attribute 57 % of the ridge total (surface and bottom) melt variability to keel draft (36 %), slope (32 %), and width (27 %), with higher melt for ridges with a larger draft, a steeper slope, and a smaller width. The melt rate of the ridge keel flanks was proportional to the draft, with increased keel melt within 10 m of its bottom corners and the melt rates between these corners comparable to the melt rates of level ice. |
format |
Text |
author |
Salganik, Evgenii Lange, Benjamin A. Katlein, Christian Matero, Ilkka Anhaus, Philipp Muilwijk, Morven Høyland, Knut V. Granskog, Mats A. |
spellingShingle |
Salganik, Evgenii Lange, Benjamin A. Katlein, Christian Matero, Ilkka Anhaus, Philipp Muilwijk, Morven Høyland, Knut V. Granskog, Mats A. Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
author_facet |
Salganik, Evgenii Lange, Benjamin A. Katlein, Christian Matero, Ilkka Anhaus, Philipp Muilwijk, Morven Høyland, Knut V. Granskog, Mats A. |
author_sort |
Salganik, Evgenii |
title |
Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
title_short |
Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
title_full |
Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
title_fullStr |
Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observations of preferential summer melt of Arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
title_sort |
observations of preferential summer melt of arctic sea-ice ridge keels from repeated multibeam sonar surveys |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/4873/2023/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic ice pack Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic ice pack Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1994-0424 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/4873/2023/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4873-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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17 |
container_issue |
11 |
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4873 |
op_container_end_page |
4887 |
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1786189329024942080 |