Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments
Nioghalvfjerdsbrae, or 79 ∘ N Glacier, is the largest marine-terminating glacier draining the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS). In recent years, its ∼ 70 km long fringing ice shelf (hereafter referred to as the 79 ∘ N ice shelf) has thinned, and a number of small calving events highlight its s...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1247/2023/ |
id |
ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc106148 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:tc106148 2023-05-15T16:21:20+02:00 Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments Smith, James A. Callard, Louise Bentley, Michael J. Jamieson, Stewart S. R. Sánchez-Montes, Maria Luisa Lane, Timothy P. Lloyd, Jeremy M. McClymont, Erin L. Darvill, Christopher M. Rea, Brice R. O'Cofaigh, Colm Gulliver, Pauline Ehrmann, Werner Jones, Richard S. Roberts, David H. 2023-03-15 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1247/2023/ eng eng doi:10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1247/2023/ eISSN: 1994-0424 Text 2023 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 2023-03-20T17:23:10Z Nioghalvfjerdsbrae, or 79 ∘ N Glacier, is the largest marine-terminating glacier draining the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS). In recent years, its ∼ 70 km long fringing ice shelf (hereafter referred to as the 79 ∘ N ice shelf) has thinned, and a number of small calving events highlight its sensitivity to climate warming. With the continued retreat of the 79 ∘ N ice shelf and the potential for accelerated discharge from NEGIS, which drains 16 % of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), it has become increasingly important to understand the long-term history of the ice shelf in order to put the recent changes into perspective and to judge their long-term significance. Here, we reconstruct the Holocene dynamics of the 79 ∘ N ice shelf by combining radiocarbon dating of marine molluscs from isostatically uplifted glaciomarine sediments with a multi-proxy investigation of two sediment cores recovered from Blåsø, a large epishelf lake 2–13 km from the current grounding line of 79 ∘ N Glacier. Our reconstructions suggest that the ice shelf retreated between 8.5 and 4.4 ka cal BP , which is consistent with previous work charting grounding line and ice shelf retreat to the coast as well as open marine conditions in Nioghalvfjerdsbrae. Ice shelf retreat followed a period of enhanced atmospheric and ocean warming in the Early Holocene. Based on our detailed sedimentological, microfaunal, and biomarker evidence, the ice shelf reformed at Blåsø after 4.4 ka cal BP , reaching a thickness similar to present by 4.0 ka cal BP . Reformation of the ice shelf coincides with decreasing atmospheric temperatures, the increased dominance of Polar Water, a reduction in Atlantic Water, and (near-)perennial sea-ice cover on the adjacent continental shelf. Along with available climate archives, our data indicate that the 79 ∘ N ice shelf is susceptible to collapse at mean atmospheric and ocean temperatures ∼ 2 ∘ C warmer than present, which could be achieved by the middle of this century under some emission scenarios. Finally, the ... Text glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Blåsø ENVELOPE(-22.583,-22.583,79.583,79.583) Greenland The Cryosphere 17 3 1247 1270 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Nioghalvfjerdsbrae, or 79 ∘ N Glacier, is the largest marine-terminating glacier draining the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS). In recent years, its ∼ 70 km long fringing ice shelf (hereafter referred to as the 79 ∘ N ice shelf) has thinned, and a number of small calving events highlight its sensitivity to climate warming. With the continued retreat of the 79 ∘ N ice shelf and the potential for accelerated discharge from NEGIS, which drains 16 % of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), it has become increasingly important to understand the long-term history of the ice shelf in order to put the recent changes into perspective and to judge their long-term significance. Here, we reconstruct the Holocene dynamics of the 79 ∘ N ice shelf by combining radiocarbon dating of marine molluscs from isostatically uplifted glaciomarine sediments with a multi-proxy investigation of two sediment cores recovered from Blåsø, a large epishelf lake 2–13 km from the current grounding line of 79 ∘ N Glacier. Our reconstructions suggest that the ice shelf retreated between 8.5 and 4.4 ka cal BP , which is consistent with previous work charting grounding line and ice shelf retreat to the coast as well as open marine conditions in Nioghalvfjerdsbrae. Ice shelf retreat followed a period of enhanced atmospheric and ocean warming in the Early Holocene. Based on our detailed sedimentological, microfaunal, and biomarker evidence, the ice shelf reformed at Blåsø after 4.4 ka cal BP , reaching a thickness similar to present by 4.0 ka cal BP . Reformation of the ice shelf coincides with decreasing atmospheric temperatures, the increased dominance of Polar Water, a reduction in Atlantic Water, and (near-)perennial sea-ice cover on the adjacent continental shelf. Along with available climate archives, our data indicate that the 79 ∘ N ice shelf is susceptible to collapse at mean atmospheric and ocean temperatures ∼ 2 ∘ C warmer than present, which could be achieved by the middle of this century under some emission scenarios. Finally, the ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Smith, James A. Callard, Louise Bentley, Michael J. Jamieson, Stewart S. R. Sánchez-Montes, Maria Luisa Lane, Timothy P. Lloyd, Jeremy M. McClymont, Erin L. Darvill, Christopher M. Rea, Brice R. O'Cofaigh, Colm Gulliver, Pauline Ehrmann, Werner Jones, Richard S. Roberts, David H. |
spellingShingle |
Smith, James A. Callard, Louise Bentley, Michael J. Jamieson, Stewart S. R. Sánchez-Montes, Maria Luisa Lane, Timothy P. Lloyd, Jeremy M. McClymont, Erin L. Darvill, Christopher M. Rea, Brice R. O'Cofaigh, Colm Gulliver, Pauline Ehrmann, Werner Jones, Richard S. Roberts, David H. Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
author_facet |
Smith, James A. Callard, Louise Bentley, Michael J. Jamieson, Stewart S. R. Sánchez-Montes, Maria Luisa Lane, Timothy P. Lloyd, Jeremy M. McClymont, Erin L. Darvill, Christopher M. Rea, Brice R. O'Cofaigh, Colm Gulliver, Pauline Ehrmann, Werner Jones, Richard S. Roberts, David H. |
author_sort |
Smith, James A. |
title |
Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
title_short |
Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
title_full |
Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
title_fullStr |
Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Holocene history of the 79° N ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
title_sort |
holocene history of the 79° n ice shelf reconstructed from epishelf lake and uplifted glaciomarine sediments |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1247/2023/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-22.583,-22.583,79.583,79.583) |
geographic |
Blåsø Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Blåsø Greenland |
genre |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Sea ice |
genre_facet |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1994-0424 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1247/2023/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1247-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1247 |
op_container_end_page |
1270 |
_version_ |
1766009340402073600 |