Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes
The first hydrographic data from the Arctic Ocean, the section from the Laptev Sea to the passage between Greenland and Svalbard obtained by Nansen on his drift with Fram 1893–1896, aptly illustrate the main features of Arctic Ocean oceanography and indicate possible processes active in transforming...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-261-2012 https://os.copernicus.org/articles/8/261/2012/ |
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:os13253 2023-05-15T14:34:18+02:00 Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes Rudels, B. 2018-01-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-261-2012 https://os.copernicus.org/articles/8/261/2012/ eng eng info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/212643 doi:10.5194/os-8-261-2012 https://os.copernicus.org/articles/8/261/2012/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess eISSN: 1812-0792 info:eu-repo/semantics/Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-261-2012 2020-07-20T16:25:51Z The first hydrographic data from the Arctic Ocean, the section from the Laptev Sea to the passage between Greenland and Svalbard obtained by Nansen on his drift with Fram 1893–1896, aptly illustrate the main features of Arctic Ocean oceanography and indicate possible processes active in transforming the water masses in the Arctic Ocean. Many, perhaps most, processes were identified already by Nansen, who put his mark on almost all subsequent research in the Arctic. Here we shall revisit some key questions and follow how our understanding has evolved from the early 20th century to present. What questions, if any, can now be regarded as solved and which remain still open? Five different but connected topics will be discussed: (1) The low salinity surface layer and the storage and export of freshwater. (2) The vertical heat transfer from the Atlantic water to sea ice and to the atmosphere. (3) The circulation and mixing of the two Atlantic inflow branches. (4) The formation and circulation of deep and bottom waters in the Arctic Ocean. (5) The exchanges through Fram Strait. Foci will be on the potential effects of increased freshwater input and reduced sea ice export on the freshwater storage and residence time in the Arctic Ocean, on the deep waters of the Makarov Basin, and on the circulation and relative importance of the two inflows, over the Barents Sea and through Fram Strait, for the distribution of heat in the intermediate layers of the Arctic Ocean. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Greenland laptev Laptev Sea makarov basin Sea ice Svalbard Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Greenland Laptev Sea Makarov Basin ENVELOPE(170.000,170.000,87.000,87.000) Svalbard Ocean Science 8 2 261 286 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
The first hydrographic data from the Arctic Ocean, the section from the Laptev Sea to the passage between Greenland and Svalbard obtained by Nansen on his drift with Fram 1893–1896, aptly illustrate the main features of Arctic Ocean oceanography and indicate possible processes active in transforming the water masses in the Arctic Ocean. Many, perhaps most, processes were identified already by Nansen, who put his mark on almost all subsequent research in the Arctic. Here we shall revisit some key questions and follow how our understanding has evolved from the early 20th century to present. What questions, if any, can now be regarded as solved and which remain still open? Five different but connected topics will be discussed: (1) The low salinity surface layer and the storage and export of freshwater. (2) The vertical heat transfer from the Atlantic water to sea ice and to the atmosphere. (3) The circulation and mixing of the two Atlantic inflow branches. (4) The formation and circulation of deep and bottom waters in the Arctic Ocean. (5) The exchanges through Fram Strait. Foci will be on the potential effects of increased freshwater input and reduced sea ice export on the freshwater storage and residence time in the Arctic Ocean, on the deep waters of the Makarov Basin, and on the circulation and relative importance of the two inflows, over the Barents Sea and through Fram Strait, for the distribution of heat in the intermediate layers of the Arctic Ocean. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Rudels, B. |
spellingShingle |
Rudels, B. Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
author_facet |
Rudels, B. |
author_sort |
Rudels, B. |
title |
Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
title_short |
Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
title_full |
Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
title_fullStr |
Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
title_sort |
arctic ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-261-2012 https://os.copernicus.org/articles/8/261/2012/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(170.000,170.000,87.000,87.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Greenland Laptev Sea Makarov Basin Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Greenland Laptev Sea Makarov Basin Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Greenland laptev Laptev Sea makarov basin Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Greenland laptev Laptev Sea makarov basin Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
eISSN: 1812-0792 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/212643 doi:10.5194/os-8-261-2012 https://os.copernicus.org/articles/8/261/2012/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-261-2012 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
261 |
op_container_end_page |
286 |
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1766307374500413440 |