BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model
BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow&...
Published in: | Geoscientific Model Development |
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Language: | English |
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2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/ |
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BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f7b7a5d5bfd5c45cef6c295312dc1896"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> ∘ latitude × <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="730b8b169cb37255af42cf31763b7866"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg> ∘ longitude in the ocean). Its development is on the basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR (T106 in the atmosphere and 1 ∘ latitude × 1 ∘ longitude in the ocean) which is the baseline for BCC participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamical core and physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for historical climate simulations from 1950 to 2014, performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR. Observed global warming trends of surface air temperature from 1950 to 2014 are well captured by both BCC-CSM2-MR and BCC-CSM2-HR. Present-day basic atmospheric mean states during the period from 1995 to 2014 are then evaluated at global scale, followed by an assessment on climate variabilities in the tropics including the tropical cyclones (TCs), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR represents the global energy balance well and can realistically reproduce the main patterns of atmospheric temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature, and sea surface temperature (SST). It also improves the spatial patterns of sea ice and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of the double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, almost disappears in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and convection intensity of MJO, and the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR are all in a better agreement with observations than their counterparts in BCC-CSM2-MR. Some imperfections are, however, noted in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with cold SST biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic. |
format |
Text |
author |
Wu, Tongwen Yu, Rucong Lu, Yixiong Jie, Weihua Fang, Yongjie Zhang, Jie Zhang, Li Xin, Xiaoge Li, Laurent Wang, Zaizhi Liu, Yiming Zhang, Fang Wu, Fanghua Chu, Min Li, Jianglong Li, Weiping Zhang, Yanwu Shi, Xueli Zhou, Wenyan Yao, Junchen Liu, Xiangwen Zhao, He Yan, Jinghui Wei, Min Xue, Wei Huang, Anning Zhang, Yaocun Zhang, Yu Shu, Qi Hu, Aixue |
spellingShingle |
Wu, Tongwen Yu, Rucong Lu, Yixiong Jie, Weihua Fang, Yongjie Zhang, Jie Zhang, Li Xin, Xiaoge Li, Laurent Wang, Zaizhi Liu, Yiming Zhang, Fang Wu, Fanghua Chu, Min Li, Jianglong Li, Weiping Zhang, Yanwu Shi, Xueli Zhou, Wenyan Yao, Junchen Liu, Xiangwen Zhao, He Yan, Jinghui Wei, Min Xue, Wei Huang, Anning Zhang, Yaocun Zhang, Yu Shu, Qi Hu, Aixue BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
author_facet |
Wu, Tongwen Yu, Rucong Lu, Yixiong Jie, Weihua Fang, Yongjie Zhang, Jie Zhang, Li Xin, Xiaoge Li, Laurent Wang, Zaizhi Liu, Yiming Zhang, Fang Wu, Fanghua Chu, Min Li, Jianglong Li, Weiping Zhang, Yanwu Shi, Xueli Zhou, Wenyan Yao, Junchen Liu, Xiangwen Zhao, He Yan, Jinghui Wei, Min Xue, Wei Huang, Anning Zhang, Yaocun Zhang, Yu Shu, Qi Hu, Aixue |
author_sort |
Wu, Tongwen |
title |
BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
title_short |
BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
title_full |
BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
title_fullStr |
BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
title_sort |
bcc-csm2-hr: a high-resolution version of the beijing climate center climate system model |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/ |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1991-9603 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 |
container_title |
Geoscientific Model Development |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2977 |
op_container_end_page |
3006 |
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1766137293747257344 |
spelling |
ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:gmd89062 2023-05-15T17:37:23+02:00 BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model Wu, Tongwen Yu, Rucong Lu, Yixiong Jie, Weihua Fang, Yongjie Zhang, Jie Zhang, Li Xin, Xiaoge Li, Laurent Wang, Zaizhi Liu, Yiming Zhang, Fang Wu, Fanghua Chu, Min Li, Jianglong Li, Weiping Zhang, Yanwu Shi, Xueli Zhou, Wenyan Yao, Junchen Liu, Xiangwen Zhao, He Yan, Jinghui Wei, Min Xue, Wei Huang, Anning Zhang, Yaocun Zhang, Yu Shu, Qi Hu, Aixue 2021-05-26 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/ eng eng doi:10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/ eISSN: 1991-9603 Text 2021 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021 2021-05-31T16:22:13Z BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f7b7a5d5bfd5c45cef6c295312dc1896"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> ∘ latitude × <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="730b8b169cb37255af42cf31763b7866"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg> ∘ longitude in the ocean). Its development is on the basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR (T106 in the atmosphere and 1 ∘ latitude × 1 ∘ longitude in the ocean) which is the baseline for BCC participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamical core and physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for historical climate simulations from 1950 to 2014, performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR. Observed global warming trends of surface air temperature from 1950 to 2014 are well captured by both BCC-CSM2-MR and BCC-CSM2-HR. Present-day basic atmospheric mean states during the period from 1995 to 2014 are then evaluated at global scale, followed by an assessment on climate variabilities in the tropics including the tropical cyclones (TCs), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR represents the global energy balance well and can realistically reproduce the main patterns of atmospheric temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature, and sea surface temperature (SST). It also improves the spatial patterns of sea ice and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of the double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, almost disappears in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and convection intensity of MJO, and the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR are all in a better agreement with observations than their counterparts in BCC-CSM2-MR. Some imperfections are, however, noted in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with cold SST biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic. Text North Atlantic Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Pacific Geoscientific Model Development 14 5 2977 3006 |