Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling
The Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment (ASMEx) took place in Sodankylä, Finland in the winters of 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Radiometric, macro-, and microstructure measurements were made under different experimental conditions of homogenous snow slabs, extracted from the natural seasonal taiga sno...
Published in: | Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems |
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:gi48494 2023-05-15T14:57:51+02:00 Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling Maslanka, William Leppänen, Leena Kontu, Anna Sandells, Mel Lemmetyinen, Juha Schneebeli, Martin Proksch, Martin Matzl, Margret Hannula, Henna-Reetta Gurney, Robert 2018-09-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 https://gi.copernicus.org/articles/5/85/2016/ eng eng doi:10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 https://gi.copernicus.org/articles/5/85/2016/ eISSN: 2193-0864 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 2020-07-20T16:24:12Z The Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment (ASMEx) took place in Sodankylä, Finland in the winters of 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Radiometric, macro-, and microstructure measurements were made under different experimental conditions of homogenous snow slabs, extracted from the natural seasonal taiga snowpack. Traditional and modern measurement techniques were used for snow macro- and microstructure observations. Radiometric measurements of the microwave emission of snow on reflector and absorber bases were made at frequencies 18.7, 21.0, 36.5, 89.0, and 150.0 GHz, for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. Two measurement configurations were used for radiometric measurements: a reflecting surface and an absorbing base beneath the snow slabs. Simulations of brightness temperatures using two microwave emission models, the Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) snow emission model and Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpacks (MEMLS), were compared to observed brightness temperatures. RMSE and bias were calculated; with the RMSE and bias values being smallest upon an absorbing base at vertical polarization. Simulations overestimated the brightness temperatures on absorbing base cases at horizontal polarization. With the other experimental conditions, the biases were small, with the exception of the HUT model 36.5 GHz simulation, which produced an underestimation for the reflector base cases. This experiment provides a solid framework for future research on the extinction of microwave radiation inside snow. Text Arctic Sodankylä taiga Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic Sodankylä ENVELOPE(26.600,26.600,67.417,67.417) Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 5 1 85 94 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
The Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment (ASMEx) took place in Sodankylä, Finland in the winters of 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Radiometric, macro-, and microstructure measurements were made under different experimental conditions of homogenous snow slabs, extracted from the natural seasonal taiga snowpack. Traditional and modern measurement techniques were used for snow macro- and microstructure observations. Radiometric measurements of the microwave emission of snow on reflector and absorber bases were made at frequencies 18.7, 21.0, 36.5, 89.0, and 150.0 GHz, for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. Two measurement configurations were used for radiometric measurements: a reflecting surface and an absorbing base beneath the snow slabs. Simulations of brightness temperatures using two microwave emission models, the Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) snow emission model and Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpacks (MEMLS), were compared to observed brightness temperatures. RMSE and bias were calculated; with the RMSE and bias values being smallest upon an absorbing base at vertical polarization. Simulations overestimated the brightness temperatures on absorbing base cases at horizontal polarization. With the other experimental conditions, the biases were small, with the exception of the HUT model 36.5 GHz simulation, which produced an underestimation for the reflector base cases. This experiment provides a solid framework for future research on the extinction of microwave radiation inside snow. |
format |
Text |
author |
Maslanka, William Leppänen, Leena Kontu, Anna Sandells, Mel Lemmetyinen, Juha Schneebeli, Martin Proksch, Martin Matzl, Margret Hannula, Henna-Reetta Gurney, Robert |
spellingShingle |
Maslanka, William Leppänen, Leena Kontu, Anna Sandells, Mel Lemmetyinen, Juha Schneebeli, Martin Proksch, Martin Matzl, Margret Hannula, Henna-Reetta Gurney, Robert Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
author_facet |
Maslanka, William Leppänen, Leena Kontu, Anna Sandells, Mel Lemmetyinen, Juha Schneebeli, Martin Proksch, Martin Matzl, Margret Hannula, Henna-Reetta Gurney, Robert |
author_sort |
Maslanka, William |
title |
Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
title_short |
Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
title_full |
Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
title_fullStr |
Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic Snow Microstructure Experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
title_sort |
arctic snow microstructure experiment for the development of snow emission modelling |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 https://gi.copernicus.org/articles/5/85/2016/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(26.600,26.600,67.417,67.417) |
geographic |
Arctic Sodankylä |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Sodankylä |
genre |
Arctic Sodankylä taiga |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sodankylä taiga |
op_source |
eISSN: 2193-0864 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 https://gi.copernicus.org/articles/5/85/2016/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-85-2016 |
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Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
85 |
op_container_end_page |
94 |
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1766329960129101824 |