The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle
In this paper, we present a database of the basic regimes of the carbon cycle in the ocean, the “ocean carbon states”, as obtained using a data mining/pattern recognition technique in observation-based as well as model data. The goal of this study is to establish a new data analysis methodology, tes...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:essd62303 2023-05-15T13:55:28+02:00 The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle Latto, Rebecca Romanou, Anastasia 2019-02-01 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/609/2018/ eng eng doi:10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/609/2018/ eISSN: 1866-3516 Text 2019 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 2020-07-20T16:23:22Z In this paper, we present a database of the basic regimes of the carbon cycle in the ocean, the “ocean carbon states”, as obtained using a data mining/pattern recognition technique in observation-based as well as model data. The goal of this study is to establish a new data analysis methodology, test it and assess its utility in providing more insights into the regional and temporal variability of the marine carbon cycle. This is important as advanced data mining techniques are becoming widely used in climate and Earth sciences and in particular in studies of the global carbon cycle, where the interaction of physical and biogeochemical drivers confounds our ability to accurately describe, understand, and predict CO 2 concentrations and their changes in the major planetary carbon reservoirs. In this proof-of-concept study, we focus on using well-understood data that are based on observations, as well as model results from the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) climate model. Our analysis shows that ocean carbon states are associated with the subtropical–subpolar gyre during the colder months of the year and the tropics during the warmer season in the North Atlantic basin. Conversely, in the Southern Ocean, the ocean carbon states can be associated with the subtropical and Antarctic convergence zones in the warmer season and the coastal Antarctic divergence zone in the colder season. With respect to model evaluation, we find that the GISS model reproduces the cold and warm season regimes more skillfully in the North Atlantic than in the Southern Ocean and matches the observed seasonality better than the spatial distribution of the regimes. Finally, the ocean carbon states provide useful information in the model error attribution. Model air–sea CO 2 flux biases in the North Atlantic stem from wind speed and salinity biases in the subpolar region and nutrient and wind speed biases in the subtropics and tropics. Nutrient biases are shown to be most important in the Southern Ocean flux bias. All data and analysis scripts are available at https://data.giss.nasa.gov/oceans/carbonstates/ (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.996891 ). Text Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Southern Ocean Earth System Science Data 10 1 609 626 |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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English |
description |
In this paper, we present a database of the basic regimes of the carbon cycle in the ocean, the “ocean carbon states”, as obtained using a data mining/pattern recognition technique in observation-based as well as model data. The goal of this study is to establish a new data analysis methodology, test it and assess its utility in providing more insights into the regional and temporal variability of the marine carbon cycle. This is important as advanced data mining techniques are becoming widely used in climate and Earth sciences and in particular in studies of the global carbon cycle, where the interaction of physical and biogeochemical drivers confounds our ability to accurately describe, understand, and predict CO 2 concentrations and their changes in the major planetary carbon reservoirs. In this proof-of-concept study, we focus on using well-understood data that are based on observations, as well as model results from the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) climate model. Our analysis shows that ocean carbon states are associated with the subtropical–subpolar gyre during the colder months of the year and the tropics during the warmer season in the North Atlantic basin. Conversely, in the Southern Ocean, the ocean carbon states can be associated with the subtropical and Antarctic convergence zones in the warmer season and the coastal Antarctic divergence zone in the colder season. With respect to model evaluation, we find that the GISS model reproduces the cold and warm season regimes more skillfully in the North Atlantic than in the Southern Ocean and matches the observed seasonality better than the spatial distribution of the regimes. Finally, the ocean carbon states provide useful information in the model error attribution. Model air–sea CO 2 flux biases in the North Atlantic stem from wind speed and salinity biases in the subpolar region and nutrient and wind speed biases in the subtropics and tropics. Nutrient biases are shown to be most important in the Southern Ocean flux bias. All data and analysis scripts are available at https://data.giss.nasa.gov/oceans/carbonstates/ (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.996891 ). |
format |
Text |
author |
Latto, Rebecca Romanou, Anastasia |
spellingShingle |
Latto, Rebecca Romanou, Anastasia The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
author_facet |
Latto, Rebecca Romanou, Anastasia |
author_sort |
Latto, Rebecca |
title |
The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
title_short |
The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
title_full |
The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
title_fullStr |
The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Ocean Carbon States Database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
title_sort |
ocean carbon states database: a proof-of-concept application of cluster analysis in the ocean carbon cycle |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/609/2018/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
eISSN: 1866-3516 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/609/2018/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-609-2018 |
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Earth System Science Data |
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