Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs
Previous climate modeling studies demonstrate the ability of feedback-regulated, stratospheric aerosol geoengineering with injection at multiple independent latitudes to meet multiple simultaneous temperature-based objectives in the presence of anthropogenic climate change. However, the impacts of c...
Published in: | Earth System Dynamics |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1051/2020/ |
id |
ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:esd87310 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:esd87310 2023-05-15T15:01:46+02:00 Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs Lee, Walker MacMartin, Douglas Visioni, Daniele Kravitz, Ben 2020-11-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1051/2020/ eng eng doi:10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1051/2020/ eISSN: 2190-4987 Text 2020 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 2020-11-30T17:22:14Z Previous climate modeling studies demonstrate the ability of feedback-regulated, stratospheric aerosol geoengineering with injection at multiple independent latitudes to meet multiple simultaneous temperature-based objectives in the presence of anthropogenic climate change. However, the impacts of climate change are not limited to rising temperatures but also include changes in precipitation, loss of sea ice, and many more; knowing how a given geoengineering strategy will affect each of these climate metrics is vital to understanding the limits and trade-offs of geoengineering. In this study, we first introduce a new method of visualizing the design space in which desired climate outcomes are represented by 2-D surfaces on a 3-D graph. Surface orientations represent how different injection choices influence that objective, and intersecting surfaces represent objectives which can be met simultaneously. Using this representation as a guide, we present simulations of two new strategies for feedback-regulated aerosol injection, using the Community Earth System Model with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model – CESM1(WACCM). The first simultaneously manages global mean temperature, tropical precipitation centroid, and Arctic sea ice extent, while the second manages global mean precipitation, tropical precipitation centroid, and Arctic sea ice extent. Both simulations control the tropical precipitation centroid to within 5 % of the goal, and the latter controls global mean precipitation to within 1 % of the goal. Additionally, the first simulation overcompensates sea ice, while the second undercompensates sea ice; all of these results are consistent with the expectations of our design space model. In addition to showing that precipitation-based climate metrics can be managed using feedback alongside other goals, our simulations validate the utility of our design space visualization in predicting our climate model behavior under a given geoengineering strategy, and together they help illustrate the fundamental limits and trade-offs of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering. Text Arctic Climate change Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic Earth System Dynamics 11 4 1051 1072 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Previous climate modeling studies demonstrate the ability of feedback-regulated, stratospheric aerosol geoengineering with injection at multiple independent latitudes to meet multiple simultaneous temperature-based objectives in the presence of anthropogenic climate change. However, the impacts of climate change are not limited to rising temperatures but also include changes in precipitation, loss of sea ice, and many more; knowing how a given geoengineering strategy will affect each of these climate metrics is vital to understanding the limits and trade-offs of geoengineering. In this study, we first introduce a new method of visualizing the design space in which desired climate outcomes are represented by 2-D surfaces on a 3-D graph. Surface orientations represent how different injection choices influence that objective, and intersecting surfaces represent objectives which can be met simultaneously. Using this representation as a guide, we present simulations of two new strategies for feedback-regulated aerosol injection, using the Community Earth System Model with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model – CESM1(WACCM). The first simultaneously manages global mean temperature, tropical precipitation centroid, and Arctic sea ice extent, while the second manages global mean precipitation, tropical precipitation centroid, and Arctic sea ice extent. Both simulations control the tropical precipitation centroid to within 5 % of the goal, and the latter controls global mean precipitation to within 1 % of the goal. Additionally, the first simulation overcompensates sea ice, while the second undercompensates sea ice; all of these results are consistent with the expectations of our design space model. In addition to showing that precipitation-based climate metrics can be managed using feedback alongside other goals, our simulations validate the utility of our design space visualization in predicting our climate model behavior under a given geoengineering strategy, and together they help illustrate the fundamental limits and trade-offs of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering. |
format |
Text |
author |
Lee, Walker MacMartin, Douglas Visioni, Daniele Kravitz, Ben |
spellingShingle |
Lee, Walker MacMartin, Douglas Visioni, Daniele Kravitz, Ben Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
author_facet |
Lee, Walker MacMartin, Douglas Visioni, Daniele Kravitz, Ben |
author_sort |
Lee, Walker |
title |
Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
title_short |
Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
title_full |
Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
title_fullStr |
Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
title_sort |
expanding the design space of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering to include precipitation-based objectives and explore trade-offs |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1051/2020/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 2190-4987 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1051/2020/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-1051-2020 |
container_title |
Earth System Dynamics |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1051 |
op_container_end_page |
1072 |
_version_ |
1766333784677941248 |