Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era
Although the global-mean sea level (GMSL) rose over the twentieth century with a positive contribution from thermosteric and barystatic (ice sheets and glaciers) sources, the driving processes of GMSL changes during the pre-industrial Common Era (PCE; 1–1850 CE) are largely unknown. Here, the contri...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1417/2022/ |
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:esd100798 2023-05-15T13:38:41+02:00 Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era Gangadharan, Nidheesh Goosse, Hugues Parkes, David Goelzer, Heiko Maussion, Fabien Marzeion, Ben 2022-10-17 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1417/2022/ eng eng doi:10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1417/2022/ eISSN: 2190-4987 Text 2022 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 2022-10-24T16:22:42Z Although the global-mean sea level (GMSL) rose over the twentieth century with a positive contribution from thermosteric and barystatic (ice sheets and glaciers) sources, the driving processes of GMSL changes during the pre-industrial Common Era (PCE; 1–1850 CE) are largely unknown. Here, the contributions of glacier and ice sheet mass variations and ocean thermal expansion to GMSL in the Common Era (1–2000 CE) are estimated based on simulations with different physical models. Although the twentieth century global-mean thermosteric sea level (GMTSL) is mainly associated with temperature variations in the upper 700 m (86 % in reconstruction and 74 ± 8 % in model), GMTSL in the PCE is equally controlled by temperature changes below 700 m. The GMTSL does not vary more than ±2 cm during the PCE. GMSL contributions from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets tend to cancel each other out during the PCE owing to the differing response of the two ice sheets to atmospheric conditions. The uncertainties of sea-level contribution from land-ice mass variations are large, especially over the first millennium. Despite underestimating the twentieth century model GMSL, there is a general agreement between the model and proxy-based GMSL reconstructions in the CE. Although the uncertainties remain large over the first millennium, model simulations point to glaciers as the dominant source of GMSL changes during the PCE. Text Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Greenland The Antarctic Earth System Dynamics 13 4 1417 1435 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Although the global-mean sea level (GMSL) rose over the twentieth century with a positive contribution from thermosteric and barystatic (ice sheets and glaciers) sources, the driving processes of GMSL changes during the pre-industrial Common Era (PCE; 1–1850 CE) are largely unknown. Here, the contributions of glacier and ice sheet mass variations and ocean thermal expansion to GMSL in the Common Era (1–2000 CE) are estimated based on simulations with different physical models. Although the twentieth century global-mean thermosteric sea level (GMTSL) is mainly associated with temperature variations in the upper 700 m (86 % in reconstruction and 74 ± 8 % in model), GMTSL in the PCE is equally controlled by temperature changes below 700 m. The GMTSL does not vary more than ±2 cm during the PCE. GMSL contributions from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets tend to cancel each other out during the PCE owing to the differing response of the two ice sheets to atmospheric conditions. The uncertainties of sea-level contribution from land-ice mass variations are large, especially over the first millennium. Despite underestimating the twentieth century model GMSL, there is a general agreement between the model and proxy-based GMSL reconstructions in the CE. Although the uncertainties remain large over the first millennium, model simulations point to glaciers as the dominant source of GMSL changes during the PCE. |
format |
Text |
author |
Gangadharan, Nidheesh Goosse, Hugues Parkes, David Goelzer, Heiko Maussion, Fabien Marzeion, Ben |
spellingShingle |
Gangadharan, Nidheesh Goosse, Hugues Parkes, David Goelzer, Heiko Maussion, Fabien Marzeion, Ben Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
author_facet |
Gangadharan, Nidheesh Goosse, Hugues Parkes, David Goelzer, Heiko Maussion, Fabien Marzeion, Ben |
author_sort |
Gangadharan, Nidheesh |
title |
Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
title_short |
Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
title_full |
Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
title_fullStr |
Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
title_full_unstemmed |
Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era |
title_sort |
process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the common era |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1417/2022/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_source |
eISSN: 2190-4987 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1417/2022/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022 |
container_title |
Earth System Dynamics |
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13 |
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4 |
container_start_page |
1417 |
op_container_end_page |
1435 |
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1766109631504973824 |