Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean
Sub-cloud rain evaporation in the trade wind region significantly influences the boundary layer mass and energy budgets. Parameterizing it is, however, difficult due to the sparsity of well-resolved rain observations and the challenges of sampling short-lived marine cumulus clouds. In this study, su...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:egusphere107313 2023-11-12T04:22:46+01:00 Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean Sarkar, Mampi Bailey, Adriana Blossey, Peter Szoeke, Simon P. Noone, David Quinones Melendez, Estefania Leandro, Mason Chuang, Patrick 2023-10-11 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2022/egusphere-2022-1143/ eng eng doi:10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2022/egusphere-2022-1143/ eISSN: Text 2023 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 2023-10-16T16:24:18Z Sub-cloud rain evaporation in the trade wind region significantly influences the boundary layer mass and energy budgets. Parameterizing it is, however, difficult due to the sparsity of well-resolved rain observations and the challenges of sampling short-lived marine cumulus clouds. In this study, sub-cloud rain evaporation is analyzed using a steady-state, one-dimensional model that simulates changes in drop sizes, relative humidity, and rain isotopic composition. The model is initialized with relative humidity, raindrop size distributions, and water vapor isotope ratios (e.g., δ D v , δ 18 O v <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="31pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="da8f46eeb884e5f67877552a16157ec3"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00001.svg" width="31pt" height="16pt" src="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> ) sampled by the NOAA P3 aircraft during the Atlantic Tradewind Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC), which was part of the larger EUREC 4 A (ElUcidating the RolE of Clouds–Circulation Coupling in ClimAte) field program. The modeled surface precipitation isotope ratios closely match the observations from EUREC 4 A ground-based and ship-based platforms, lending credibility to our model. The model suggests that 63 % of the rain mass evaporates in the sub-cloud layer across 22 P3 cases. The vertical distribution of the evaporated rain flux is top heavy for a narrow ( σ ) raindrop size distribution (RSD) centered over a small geometric mean diameter ( D g ) at the cloud base. A top-heavy profile has a higher rain-evaporated fraction (REF) and larger changes in the rain deuterium excess ( d = δ D - 8 × δ 18 O <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="92pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="9a5282d21666df35dd87a12b2ee29626"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00002.svg" ... Text North Atlantic Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Sub-cloud rain evaporation in the trade wind region significantly influences the boundary layer mass and energy budgets. Parameterizing it is, however, difficult due to the sparsity of well-resolved rain observations and the challenges of sampling short-lived marine cumulus clouds. In this study, sub-cloud rain evaporation is analyzed using a steady-state, one-dimensional model that simulates changes in drop sizes, relative humidity, and rain isotopic composition. The model is initialized with relative humidity, raindrop size distributions, and water vapor isotope ratios (e.g., δ D v , δ 18 O v <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="31pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="da8f46eeb884e5f67877552a16157ec3"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00001.svg" width="31pt" height="16pt" src="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> ) sampled by the NOAA P3 aircraft during the Atlantic Tradewind Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC), which was part of the larger EUREC 4 A (ElUcidating the RolE of Clouds–Circulation Coupling in ClimAte) field program. The modeled surface precipitation isotope ratios closely match the observations from EUREC 4 A ground-based and ship-based platforms, lending credibility to our model. The model suggests that 63 % of the rain mass evaporates in the sub-cloud layer across 22 P3 cases. The vertical distribution of the evaporated rain flux is top heavy for a narrow ( σ ) raindrop size distribution (RSD) centered over a small geometric mean diameter ( D g ) at the cloud base. A top-heavy profile has a higher rain-evaporated fraction (REF) and larger changes in the rain deuterium excess ( d = δ D - 8 × δ 18 O <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="92pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="9a5282d21666df35dd87a12b2ee29626"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-23-12671-2023-ie00002.svg" ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Sarkar, Mampi Bailey, Adriana Blossey, Peter Szoeke, Simon P. Noone, David Quinones Melendez, Estefania Leandro, Mason Chuang, Patrick |
spellingShingle |
Sarkar, Mampi Bailey, Adriana Blossey, Peter Szoeke, Simon P. Noone, David Quinones Melendez, Estefania Leandro, Mason Chuang, Patrick Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
author_facet |
Sarkar, Mampi Bailey, Adriana Blossey, Peter Szoeke, Simon P. Noone, David Quinones Melendez, Estefania Leandro, Mason Chuang, Patrick |
author_sort |
Sarkar, Mampi |
title |
Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sub-cloud Rain Evaporation in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
sub-cloud rain evaporation in the north atlantic ocean |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2022/egusphere-2022-1143/ |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
eISSN: |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2022/egusphere-2022-1143/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1143 |
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1782337703158743040 |