Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate
Simulations of past climates require altered boundary conditions to account for known shifts in the Earth system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography and albedo. While ice-...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:cp20406 2023-05-15T16:39:51+02:00 Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate Ullman, D. J. LeGrande, A. N. Carlson, A. E. Anslow, F. S. Licciardi, J. M. 2018-09-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/10/487/2014/ eng eng doi:10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/10/487/2014/ eISSN: 1814-9332 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 2020-07-20T16:25:10Z Simulations of past climates require altered boundary conditions to account for known shifts in the Earth system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well known, numerous conflicting reconstructions of ice-sheet topography suggest that precision in this boundary condition is lacking. Here we use a high-resolution and oxygen-isotope-enabled fully coupled global circulation model (GCM) (GISS ModelE2-R), along with two different reconstructions of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) that provide maximum and minimum estimates of LIS elevation, to assess the range of climate variability in response to uncertainty in this boundary condition. We present this comparison at two equilibrium time slices: the LGM, when differences in ice-sheet topography are maximized, and 14 ka, when differences in maximum ice-sheet height are smaller but still exist. Overall, we find significant differences in the climate response to LIS topography, with the larger LIS resulting in enhanced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and warmer surface air temperatures, particularly over northeastern Asia and the North Pacific. These up- and downstream effects are associated with differences in the development of planetary waves in the upper atmosphere, with the larger LIS resulting in a weaker trough over northeastern Asia that leads to the warmer temperatures and decreased albedo from snow and sea-ice cover. Differences between the 14 ka simulations are similar in spatial extent but smaller in magnitude, suggesting that climate is responding primarily to the larger difference in maximum LIS elevation in the LGM simulations. These results suggest that such uncertainty in ice-sheet boundary conditions alone may significantly impact the results of paleoclimate simulations and their ability to successfully simulate past climates, with implications for estimating climate sensitivity to greenhouse gas forcing utilizing past climate states. Text Ice Sheet Sea ice Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Pacific Climate of the Past 10 2 487 507 |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Simulations of past climates require altered boundary conditions to account for known shifts in the Earth system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well known, numerous conflicting reconstructions of ice-sheet topography suggest that precision in this boundary condition is lacking. Here we use a high-resolution and oxygen-isotope-enabled fully coupled global circulation model (GCM) (GISS ModelE2-R), along with two different reconstructions of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) that provide maximum and minimum estimates of LIS elevation, to assess the range of climate variability in response to uncertainty in this boundary condition. We present this comparison at two equilibrium time slices: the LGM, when differences in ice-sheet topography are maximized, and 14 ka, when differences in maximum ice-sheet height are smaller but still exist. Overall, we find significant differences in the climate response to LIS topography, with the larger LIS resulting in enhanced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and warmer surface air temperatures, particularly over northeastern Asia and the North Pacific. These up- and downstream effects are associated with differences in the development of planetary waves in the upper atmosphere, with the larger LIS resulting in a weaker trough over northeastern Asia that leads to the warmer temperatures and decreased albedo from snow and sea-ice cover. Differences between the 14 ka simulations are similar in spatial extent but smaller in magnitude, suggesting that climate is responding primarily to the larger difference in maximum LIS elevation in the LGM simulations. These results suggest that such uncertainty in ice-sheet boundary conditions alone may significantly impact the results of paleoclimate simulations and their ability to successfully simulate past climates, with implications for estimating climate sensitivity to greenhouse gas forcing utilizing past climate states. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ullman, D. J. LeGrande, A. N. Carlson, A. E. Anslow, F. S. Licciardi, J. M. |
spellingShingle |
Ullman, D. J. LeGrande, A. N. Carlson, A. E. Anslow, F. S. Licciardi, J. M. Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
author_facet |
Ullman, D. J. LeGrande, A. N. Carlson, A. E. Anslow, F. S. Licciardi, J. M. |
author_sort |
Ullman, D. J. |
title |
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
title_short |
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
title_full |
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
title_fullStr |
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial climate |
title_sort |
assessing the impact of laurentide ice sheet topography on glacial climate |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/10/487/2014/ |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ice Sheet Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet Sea ice |
op_source |
eISSN: 1814-9332 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/10/487/2014/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-487-2014 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
487 |
op_container_end_page |
507 |
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1766030185955590144 |