Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores
Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5 Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (as currently dril...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:amt106702 2023-05-15T13:38:41+02:00 Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores Mächler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Krauss, Florian Schmitt, Jochen Bereiter, Bernhard Walther, Remo Reinhard, Christoph Tuzson, Béla Emmenegger, Lukas Fischer, Hubertus 2023-01-24 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/16/355/2023/ eng eng doi:10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/16/355/2023/ eISSN: 1867-8548 Text 2023 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 2023-01-30T17:22:43Z Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5 Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (as currently drilled within the European project Beyond EPICA – Oldest Ice Core (BE-OIC)). The ice from this period is expected to be close to bedrock and, due to glacier flow, extremely thinned with 15 000 years of climate history contained in only 1 m of ice. Accordingly, for a century-scale resolution, the sample vertical extent must be reduced to a few centimeters containing only about 1–2 mL air STP. We present a novel combined system for the extraction and the simultaneous measurement of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O concentrations, as well as δ 13 CO 2 , which achieves a vertical resolution of 1–2 cm ( 3.5×3.5 cm cross section) with precisions of 0.4 ppm, 3 ppb, 1 ppb, and 0.04 ‰, respectively, in sublimation tests with standard gas over gas-free ice. This is accomplished by employing a directional and continuous laser-induced sublimation followed by analysis of the sample gas by a quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer (QCLAS). Besides the low sample volume requirements and the vertical resolution capabilities, the described method holds additional advantages over previous methods, including the immunity of the highly specific QCLAS analysis to drilling fluid contamination as well as the non-destructive nature of the spectroscopic gas analysis. The combined extraction and analysis system was extensively tested by sublimating gas-free ice with introduction of a standard gas to determine the accuracy and characterize potential artifacts. Moreover, Antarctic ice samples were measured to confirm the measurement performance, covering the range of variability expected in Pleistocene ice and highlighting the vertical resolution capabilities critical for its application within BE-OIC. Text Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16 2 355 372 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5 Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (as currently drilled within the European project Beyond EPICA – Oldest Ice Core (BE-OIC)). The ice from this period is expected to be close to bedrock and, due to glacier flow, extremely thinned with 15 000 years of climate history contained in only 1 m of ice. Accordingly, for a century-scale resolution, the sample vertical extent must be reduced to a few centimeters containing only about 1–2 mL air STP. We present a novel combined system for the extraction and the simultaneous measurement of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O concentrations, as well as δ 13 CO 2 , which achieves a vertical resolution of 1–2 cm ( 3.5×3.5 cm cross section) with precisions of 0.4 ppm, 3 ppb, 1 ppb, and 0.04 ‰, respectively, in sublimation tests with standard gas over gas-free ice. This is accomplished by employing a directional and continuous laser-induced sublimation followed by analysis of the sample gas by a quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer (QCLAS). Besides the low sample volume requirements and the vertical resolution capabilities, the described method holds additional advantages over previous methods, including the immunity of the highly specific QCLAS analysis to drilling fluid contamination as well as the non-destructive nature of the spectroscopic gas analysis. The combined extraction and analysis system was extensively tested by sublimating gas-free ice with introduction of a standard gas to determine the accuracy and characterize potential artifacts. Moreover, Antarctic ice samples were measured to confirm the measurement performance, covering the range of variability expected in Pleistocene ice and highlighting the vertical resolution capabilities critical for its application within BE-OIC. |
format |
Text |
author |
Mächler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Krauss, Florian Schmitt, Jochen Bereiter, Bernhard Walther, Remo Reinhard, Christoph Tuzson, Béla Emmenegger, Lukas Fischer, Hubertus |
spellingShingle |
Mächler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Krauss, Florian Schmitt, Jochen Bereiter, Bernhard Walther, Remo Reinhard, Christoph Tuzson, Béla Emmenegger, Lukas Fischer, Hubertus Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
author_facet |
Mächler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Krauss, Florian Schmitt, Jochen Bereiter, Bernhard Walther, Remo Reinhard, Christoph Tuzson, Béla Emmenegger, Lukas Fischer, Hubertus |
author_sort |
Mächler, Lars |
title |
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
title_short |
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
title_full |
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
title_fullStr |
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
title_full_unstemmed |
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
title_sort |
laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/16/355/2023/ |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core |
op_source |
eISSN: 1867-8548 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/16/355/2023/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-355-2023 |
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Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
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16 |
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2 |
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355 |
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372 |
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1766109826440495104 |