Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere
At SMEAR II research station in Hyytiälä, located in the Finnish boreal forest, the process of new particle formation and the role of ions has been investigated for almost 20 years near the ground and at canopy level. However, above SMEAR II, the vertical distribution and diurnal variation of these...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acpd99455 2023-05-15T15:18:30+02:00 Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere Beck, Lisa J. Schobesberger, Siegfried Junninen, Heikki Lampilahti, Janne Manninen, Antti Dada, Lubna Leino, Katri He, Xu-Cheng Pullinen, Iida Quéléver, Lauriane Franck, Anna Poutanen, Pyry Wimmer, Daniela Korhonen, Frans Sipilä, Mikko Ehn, Mikael Worsnop, Douglas Kerminen, Veli-Matti Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku Duplissy, Jonathan 2021-12-07 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-994 https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2021-994/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-2021-994 https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2021-994/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2021 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-994 2021-12-13T17:22:30Z At SMEAR II research station in Hyytiälä, located in the Finnish boreal forest, the process of new particle formation and the role of ions has been investigated for almost 20 years near the ground and at canopy level. However, above SMEAR II, the vertical distribution and diurnal variation of these different atmospheric ions are poorly characterized. In this study, we assess the atmospheric ion composition in the stable boundary layer, residual layer, mixing layer and free troposphere, and the 5 evolution of these atmospheric ions due to photochemistry and turbulent mixing through the day. To measure the vertical profile of atmospheric ions, we developed a tailored setup for online mass spectrometric measurements, capable of being deployed in a Cessna 172 with minimal modifications. Simultaneously, instruments dedicated to aerosol properties measured in a second Cessna. We conducted a total of 16 measurement flights in May 2017, during the spring, which is the most active new particle formation season. A flight day typically consisted of three distinct flights through the day (dawn, morning and afternoon) to 10 observe the diurnal variation and at different altitudes (from 100 m to 3200 m above ground), and to capture the boundary layer development from stable boundary layer, residual layer to mixing layer, and the free troposphere. Our observations showed that the ion composition is distinctly different in each layer and depends on the air mass origin and time of the day. Before sunrise, the layers are separated from each other and have their own ion chemistry. We observed that the ions present within the stable layer are of the same composition as the ions measured at the canopy level. During daytime when the mixing layer evolved and the compounds are vertically mixed, we observed that highly oxidised organic molecules are distributed to the top of the boundary layer. The ion composition in the residual layer varies with each day, showing similarities with either the stable boundary layer or the free troposphere. Finally, within the free troposphere, we detected a variety of carboxylic acids and ions that are likely containing halogens, originating from the Arctic Sea. Text Arctic Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
At SMEAR II research station in Hyytiälä, located in the Finnish boreal forest, the process of new particle formation and the role of ions has been investigated for almost 20 years near the ground and at canopy level. However, above SMEAR II, the vertical distribution and diurnal variation of these different atmospheric ions are poorly characterized. In this study, we assess the atmospheric ion composition in the stable boundary layer, residual layer, mixing layer and free troposphere, and the 5 evolution of these atmospheric ions due to photochemistry and turbulent mixing through the day. To measure the vertical profile of atmospheric ions, we developed a tailored setup for online mass spectrometric measurements, capable of being deployed in a Cessna 172 with minimal modifications. Simultaneously, instruments dedicated to aerosol properties measured in a second Cessna. We conducted a total of 16 measurement flights in May 2017, during the spring, which is the most active new particle formation season. A flight day typically consisted of three distinct flights through the day (dawn, morning and afternoon) to 10 observe the diurnal variation and at different altitudes (from 100 m to 3200 m above ground), and to capture the boundary layer development from stable boundary layer, residual layer to mixing layer, and the free troposphere. Our observations showed that the ion composition is distinctly different in each layer and depends on the air mass origin and time of the day. Before sunrise, the layers are separated from each other and have their own ion chemistry. We observed that the ions present within the stable layer are of the same composition as the ions measured at the canopy level. During daytime when the mixing layer evolved and the compounds are vertically mixed, we observed that highly oxidised organic molecules are distributed to the top of the boundary layer. The ion composition in the residual layer varies with each day, showing similarities with either the stable boundary layer or the free troposphere. Finally, within the free troposphere, we detected a variety of carboxylic acids and ions that are likely containing halogens, originating from the Arctic Sea. |
format |
Text |
author |
Beck, Lisa J. Schobesberger, Siegfried Junninen, Heikki Lampilahti, Janne Manninen, Antti Dada, Lubna Leino, Katri He, Xu-Cheng Pullinen, Iida Quéléver, Lauriane Franck, Anna Poutanen, Pyry Wimmer, Daniela Korhonen, Frans Sipilä, Mikko Ehn, Mikael Worsnop, Douglas Kerminen, Veli-Matti Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku Duplissy, Jonathan |
spellingShingle |
Beck, Lisa J. Schobesberger, Siegfried Junninen, Heikki Lampilahti, Janne Manninen, Antti Dada, Lubna Leino, Katri He, Xu-Cheng Pullinen, Iida Quéléver, Lauriane Franck, Anna Poutanen, Pyry Wimmer, Daniela Korhonen, Frans Sipilä, Mikko Ehn, Mikael Worsnop, Douglas Kerminen, Veli-Matti Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku Duplissy, Jonathan Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
author_facet |
Beck, Lisa J. Schobesberger, Siegfried Junninen, Heikki Lampilahti, Janne Manninen, Antti Dada, Lubna Leino, Katri He, Xu-Cheng Pullinen, Iida Quéléver, Lauriane Franck, Anna Poutanen, Pyry Wimmer, Daniela Korhonen, Frans Sipilä, Mikko Ehn, Mikael Worsnop, Douglas Kerminen, Veli-Matti Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku Duplissy, Jonathan |
author_sort |
Beck, Lisa J. |
title |
Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
title_short |
Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
title_full |
Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
title_fullStr |
Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: From ground level to the free troposphere |
title_sort |
diurnal evolution of negative atmospheric ions above the boreal forest: from ground level to the free troposphere |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-994 https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2021-994/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-2021-994 https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2021-994/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-994 |
_version_ |
1766348697509036032 |