Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008
Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) and Noctilucent Clouds (NLC) have been routinely measured at the ALOMAR research facility in Northern Norway (69° N, 16° E) by lidar and radar, respectively. 2900 h of lidar measurements by the ALOMAR Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar were combined with almost 18 000 h o...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acp8520 2023-05-15T17:43:30+02:00 Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 Kaifler, N. Baumgarten, G. Fiedler, J. Latteck, R. Lübken, F.-J. Rapp, M. 2018-01-15 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/1355/2011/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/1355/2011/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 2019-12-24T09:56:59Z Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) and Noctilucent Clouds (NLC) have been routinely measured at the ALOMAR research facility in Northern Norway (69° N, 16° E) by lidar and radar, respectively. 2900 h of lidar measurements by the ALOMAR Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar were combined with almost 18 000 h of radar measurements by the ALWIN VHF radar, all taken during the years 1999 to 2008, to study simultaneous and common-volume observations of both phenomena. PMSE and NLC are known from both theory and observations to be positively linked. We quantify the occurrences of PMSE and/or NLC and relations in altitude, especially with respect to the lower layer boundaries. The PMSE occurrence rate is with 75.3% considerably higher than the NLC occurrence rate of 19.5%. For overlapping PMSE and NLC observations, we confirm the coincidence of the lower boundaries and find a standard deviation of 1.26 km, hinting at very fast sublimation rates. However, 10.1% of all NLC measurements occur without accompanying PMSE. Comparison of occurrence rates with solar zenith angle reveals that NLC without PMSE mostly occur around midnight indicating that the ice particles were not detected by the radar due to the reduced electron density. Text Northern Norway Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Alomar ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) Norway Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11 4 1355 1366 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
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English |
description |
Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) and Noctilucent Clouds (NLC) have been routinely measured at the ALOMAR research facility in Northern Norway (69° N, 16° E) by lidar and radar, respectively. 2900 h of lidar measurements by the ALOMAR Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar were combined with almost 18 000 h of radar measurements by the ALWIN VHF radar, all taken during the years 1999 to 2008, to study simultaneous and common-volume observations of both phenomena. PMSE and NLC are known from both theory and observations to be positively linked. We quantify the occurrences of PMSE and/or NLC and relations in altitude, especially with respect to the lower layer boundaries. The PMSE occurrence rate is with 75.3% considerably higher than the NLC occurrence rate of 19.5%. For overlapping PMSE and NLC observations, we confirm the coincidence of the lower boundaries and find a standard deviation of 1.26 km, hinting at very fast sublimation rates. However, 10.1% of all NLC measurements occur without accompanying PMSE. Comparison of occurrence rates with solar zenith angle reveals that NLC without PMSE mostly occur around midnight indicating that the ice particles were not detected by the radar due to the reduced electron density. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kaifler, N. Baumgarten, G. Fiedler, J. Latteck, R. Lübken, F.-J. Rapp, M. |
spellingShingle |
Kaifler, N. Baumgarten, G. Fiedler, J. Latteck, R. Lübken, F.-J. Rapp, M. Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
author_facet |
Kaifler, N. Baumgarten, G. Fiedler, J. Latteck, R. Lübken, F.-J. Rapp, M. |
author_sort |
Kaifler, N. |
title |
Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
title_short |
Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
title_full |
Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
title_fullStr |
Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Coincident measurements of PMSE and NLC above ALOMAR (69° N, 16° E) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
title_sort |
coincident measurements of pmse and nlc above alomar (69° n, 16° e) by radar and lidar from 1999–2008 |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/1355/2011/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) |
geographic |
Alomar Norway |
geographic_facet |
Alomar Norway |
genre |
Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Northern Norway |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/1355/2011/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1355-2011 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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11 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1355 |
op_container_end_page |
1366 |
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1766145595267874816 |