Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack
We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR ( Con densed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO 3 − ) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NO x volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO 2 ] (γ=[NO]/[NO 2 ]) mea...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/4855/2008/ |
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acp5131 2023-05-15T13:45:55+02:00 Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack Boxe, C. S. Saiz-Lopez, A. 2018-01-15 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/4855/2008/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/4855/2008/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 2019-12-24T09:58:11Z We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR ( Con densed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO 3 − ) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NO x volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO 2 ] (γ=[NO]/[NO 2 ]) measured just above the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack. Maximum gas phase NO x volume fluxes, concentrations and γ simulated for spring and summer range from 5.0×10 4 to 6.4×10 5 molecules cm −3 s −1 , 5.7×10 8 to 4.8×10 9 molecules cm −3 , and ~0.8 to 2.2, respectively, which are comparable to gas phase NO x volume fluxes, concentrations and γ measured in the field. The model incorporates the appropriate actinic solar spectrum, thereby properly weighting the different rates of photolysis of NO 3 − and NO 2 − . This is important since the immediate precursor for NO, for example, NO 2 − , absorbs at wavelengths longer than nitrate itself. Finally, one-dimensional model simulations indicate that both gas phase boundary layer NO and NO 2 exhibit a negative concentration gradient as a function of height although [NO]/[NO 2 ] are approximately constant. This gradient is primarily attributed to gas phase reactions of NO x with halogens oxides (i.e. as BrO and IO), HO x , and hydrocarbons, such as CH 3 O 2 . Text Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Antarctic Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8 16 4855 4864 |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
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English |
description |
We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR ( Con densed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO 3 − ) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NO x volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO 2 ] (γ=[NO]/[NO 2 ]) measured just above the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack. Maximum gas phase NO x volume fluxes, concentrations and γ simulated for spring and summer range from 5.0×10 4 to 6.4×10 5 molecules cm −3 s −1 , 5.7×10 8 to 4.8×10 9 molecules cm −3 , and ~0.8 to 2.2, respectively, which are comparable to gas phase NO x volume fluxes, concentrations and γ measured in the field. The model incorporates the appropriate actinic solar spectrum, thereby properly weighting the different rates of photolysis of NO 3 − and NO 2 − . This is important since the immediate precursor for NO, for example, NO 2 − , absorbs at wavelengths longer than nitrate itself. Finally, one-dimensional model simulations indicate that both gas phase boundary layer NO and NO 2 exhibit a negative concentration gradient as a function of height although [NO]/[NO 2 ] are approximately constant. This gradient is primarily attributed to gas phase reactions of NO x with halogens oxides (i.e. as BrO and IO), HO x , and hydrocarbons, such as CH 3 O 2 . |
format |
Text |
author |
Boxe, C. S. Saiz-Lopez, A. |
spellingShingle |
Boxe, C. S. Saiz-Lopez, A. Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
author_facet |
Boxe, C. S. Saiz-Lopez, A. |
author_sort |
Boxe, C. S. |
title |
Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
title_short |
Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
title_full |
Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
title_fullStr |
Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack |
title_sort |
multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (qll): implications for nox release from the arctic and coastal antarctic snowpack |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/4855/2008/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/4855/2008/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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8 |
container_issue |
16 |
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4855 |
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4864 |
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1766232692973633536 |