Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008
During the POLARCAT-France airborne campaign in April 2008, pollution originating from anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions was measured in the European Arctic. We compare these aircraft measurements with simulations using the WRF-Chem model to investigate model representation of aerosols tra...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acp27026 2023-05-15T14:48:41+02:00 Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 Marelle, L. Raut, J.-C. Thomas, J. L. Law, K. S. Quennehen, B. Ancellet, G. Pelon, J. Schwarzenboeck, A. Fast, J. D. 2018-09-10 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/3831/2015/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/3831/2015/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2018 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 2019-12-24T09:53:36Z During the POLARCAT-France airborne campaign in April 2008, pollution originating from anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions was measured in the European Arctic. We compare these aircraft measurements with simulations using the WRF-Chem model to investigate model representation of aerosols transported from Europe to the Arctic. Modeled PM 2.5 is evaluated using European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) measurements in source regions and POLARCAT aircraft measurements in the Scandinavian Arctic. Total PM 2.5 agrees well with the measurements, although the model overestimates nitrate and underestimates organic carbon in source regions. Using WRF-Chem in combination with the Lagrangian model FLEXPART-WRF, we find that during the campaign the research aircraft sampled two different types of European plumes: mixed anthropogenic and fire plumes from eastern Europe and Russia transported below 2 km, and anthropogenic plumes from central Europe uplifted by warm conveyor belt circulations to 5–6 km. Both modeled plume types had undergone significant wet scavenging (> 50% PM 10 ) during transport. Modeled aerosol vertical distributions and optical properties below the aircraft are evaluated in the Arctic using airborne lidar measurements. Model results show that the pollution event transported aerosols into the Arctic (> 66.6° N) for a 4-day period. During this 4-day period, biomass burning emissions have the strongest influence on concentrations between 2.5 and 3 km altitudes, while European anthropogenic emissions influence aerosols at both lower (~ 1.5 km) and higher altitudes (~ 4.5 km). As a proportion of PM 2.5 , modeled black carbon and SO 4 = concentrations are more enhanced near the surface in anthropogenic plumes. The European plumes sampled during the POLARCAT-France campaign were transported over the region of springtime snow cover in northern Scandinavia, where they had a significant local atmospheric warming effect. We find that, during this transport event, the average modeled top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave direct and semi-direct radiative effect (DSRE) north of 60° N over snow and ice-covered surfaces reaches +0.58 W m −2 , peaking at +3.3 W m −2 at noon over Scandinavia and Finland. Text Arctic black carbon Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15 7 3831 3850 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
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ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
During the POLARCAT-France airborne campaign in April 2008, pollution originating from anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions was measured in the European Arctic. We compare these aircraft measurements with simulations using the WRF-Chem model to investigate model representation of aerosols transported from Europe to the Arctic. Modeled PM 2.5 is evaluated using European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) measurements in source regions and POLARCAT aircraft measurements in the Scandinavian Arctic. Total PM 2.5 agrees well with the measurements, although the model overestimates nitrate and underestimates organic carbon in source regions. Using WRF-Chem in combination with the Lagrangian model FLEXPART-WRF, we find that during the campaign the research aircraft sampled two different types of European plumes: mixed anthropogenic and fire plumes from eastern Europe and Russia transported below 2 km, and anthropogenic plumes from central Europe uplifted by warm conveyor belt circulations to 5–6 km. Both modeled plume types had undergone significant wet scavenging (> 50% PM 10 ) during transport. Modeled aerosol vertical distributions and optical properties below the aircraft are evaluated in the Arctic using airborne lidar measurements. Model results show that the pollution event transported aerosols into the Arctic (> 66.6° N) for a 4-day period. During this 4-day period, biomass burning emissions have the strongest influence on concentrations between 2.5 and 3 km altitudes, while European anthropogenic emissions influence aerosols at both lower (~ 1.5 km) and higher altitudes (~ 4.5 km). As a proportion of PM 2.5 , modeled black carbon and SO 4 = concentrations are more enhanced near the surface in anthropogenic plumes. The European plumes sampled during the POLARCAT-France campaign were transported over the region of springtime snow cover in northern Scandinavia, where they had a significant local atmospheric warming effect. We find that, during this transport event, the average modeled top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave direct and semi-direct radiative effect (DSRE) north of 60° N over snow and ice-covered surfaces reaches +0.58 W m −2 , peaking at +3.3 W m −2 at noon over Scandinavia and Finland. |
format |
Text |
author |
Marelle, L. Raut, J.-C. Thomas, J. L. Law, K. S. Quennehen, B. Ancellet, G. Pelon, J. Schwarzenboeck, A. Fast, J. D. |
spellingShingle |
Marelle, L. Raut, J.-C. Thomas, J. L. Law, K. S. Quennehen, B. Ancellet, G. Pelon, J. Schwarzenboeck, A. Fast, J. D. Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
author_facet |
Marelle, L. Raut, J.-C. Thomas, J. L. Law, K. S. Quennehen, B. Ancellet, G. Pelon, J. Schwarzenboeck, A. Fast, J. D. |
author_sort |
Marelle, L. |
title |
Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
title_short |
Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
title_full |
Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
title_fullStr |
Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from Europe to the Arctic during spring 2008 |
title_sort |
transport of anthropogenic and biomass burning aerosols from europe to the arctic during spring 2008 |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/3831/2015/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic black carbon |
genre_facet |
Arctic black carbon |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/3831/2015/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3831-2015 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3831 |
op_container_end_page |
3850 |
_version_ |
1766319775817924608 |