Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the Southern Ocean (SO) atmosphere have significant impacts on cloud radiative and microphysical properties. Yet, INP prediction skill in climate models remains poorly understood, in part because of the lack of long-term measurements. Here we show, for the first ti...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acp101975 2023-06-11T04:13:55+02:00 Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations Raman, Aishwarya Hill, Thomas DeMott, Paul J. Singh, Balwinder Zhang, Kai Ma, Po-Lun Wu, Mingxuan Wang, Hailong Alexander, Simon P. Burrows, Susannah M. 2023-05-23 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/5735/2023/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/5735/2023/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2023 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 2023-05-29T16:23:51Z Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the Southern Ocean (SO) atmosphere have significant impacts on cloud radiative and microphysical properties. Yet, INP prediction skill in climate models remains poorly understood, in part because of the lack of long-term measurements. Here we show, for the first time, how model-simulated INP concentrations compare with year-round INP measurements during the Macquarie Island Cloud Radiation Experiment (MICRE) campaign from 2017–2018. We simulate immersion-mode INP concentrations using the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) by combining simulated aerosols with recently developed deterministic INP parameterizations and the native classical nucleation theory (CNT) for mineral dust in E3SMv1. Because MICRE did not collect aerosol measurements of super-micron particles, which are more effective ice nucleators, we evaluate the model's aerosol fields at other high-latitude sites using long-term in situ observations of dust and sea spray aerosol. We find that the model underestimates dust and overestimates sea spray aerosol concentrations by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude for most of the high-latitude sites in the Southern Hemisphere. We next compare predicted INP concentrations with concentrations of INPs collected on filter samples (typically for 2 or 3 d) and processed offline using the Colorado State University ice spectrometer (IS) in immersion freezing mode. We find that when deterministic parameterizations for both dust and sea spray INPs are used, simulated INPs are within a factor of 10 of observed INPs more than 60 % of the time during summer. Our results also indicate that the E3SM's current treatment of mineral dust immersion freezing in the SO is impacted by compensating biases – an underprediction of dust amount was compensated by an overprediction of its effectiveness as INPs. We also perform idealized droplet freezing experiments to quantify the implications of the time-dependent behavior assumed by the E3SM's CNT-parameterization and compare with the ice ... Text Macquarie Island Southern Ocean Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Southern Ocean Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23 10 5735 5762 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the Southern Ocean (SO) atmosphere have significant impacts on cloud radiative and microphysical properties. Yet, INP prediction skill in climate models remains poorly understood, in part because of the lack of long-term measurements. Here we show, for the first time, how model-simulated INP concentrations compare with year-round INP measurements during the Macquarie Island Cloud Radiation Experiment (MICRE) campaign from 2017–2018. We simulate immersion-mode INP concentrations using the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) by combining simulated aerosols with recently developed deterministic INP parameterizations and the native classical nucleation theory (CNT) for mineral dust in E3SMv1. Because MICRE did not collect aerosol measurements of super-micron particles, which are more effective ice nucleators, we evaluate the model's aerosol fields at other high-latitude sites using long-term in situ observations of dust and sea spray aerosol. We find that the model underestimates dust and overestimates sea spray aerosol concentrations by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude for most of the high-latitude sites in the Southern Hemisphere. We next compare predicted INP concentrations with concentrations of INPs collected on filter samples (typically for 2 or 3 d) and processed offline using the Colorado State University ice spectrometer (IS) in immersion freezing mode. We find that when deterministic parameterizations for both dust and sea spray INPs are used, simulated INPs are within a factor of 10 of observed INPs more than 60 % of the time during summer. Our results also indicate that the E3SM's current treatment of mineral dust immersion freezing in the SO is impacted by compensating biases – an underprediction of dust amount was compensated by an overprediction of its effectiveness as INPs. We also perform idealized droplet freezing experiments to quantify the implications of the time-dependent behavior assumed by the E3SM's CNT-parameterization and compare with the ice ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Raman, Aishwarya Hill, Thomas DeMott, Paul J. Singh, Balwinder Zhang, Kai Ma, Po-Lun Wu, Mingxuan Wang, Hailong Alexander, Simon P. Burrows, Susannah M. |
spellingShingle |
Raman, Aishwarya Hill, Thomas DeMott, Paul J. Singh, Balwinder Zhang, Kai Ma, Po-Lun Wu, Mingxuan Wang, Hailong Alexander, Simon P. Burrows, Susannah M. Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
author_facet |
Raman, Aishwarya Hill, Thomas DeMott, Paul J. Singh, Balwinder Zhang, Kai Ma, Po-Lun Wu, Mingxuan Wang, Hailong Alexander, Simon P. Burrows, Susannah M. |
author_sort |
Raman, Aishwarya |
title |
Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
title_short |
Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
title_full |
Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
title_fullStr |
Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
title_sort |
long-term variability in immersion-mode marine ice-nucleating particles from climate model simulations and observations |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/5735/2023/ |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Macquarie Island Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Macquarie Island Southern Ocean |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/5735/2023/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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23 |
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10 |
container_start_page |
5735 |
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5762 |
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1768391349333131264 |