Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine
Reactive halogens play a prominent role in the atmospheric chemistry of the Arctic during springtime. Field measurements and modeling studies suggest that halogens are emitted into the atmosphere from snowpack and reactions on wind-blown snow-sourced aerosols. The relative importance of snowpack and...
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ftcopernicus:oai:publications.copernicus.org:acp100877 2023-05-15T14:46:05+02:00 Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine Swanson, William F. Holmes, Chris D. Simpson, William R. Confer, Kaitlyn Marelle, Louis Thomas, Jennie L. Jaeglé, Lyatt Alexander, Becky Zhai, Shuting Chen, Qianjie Wang, Xuan Sherwen, Tomás 2022-11-15 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/14467/2022/ eng eng doi:10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/14467/2022/ eISSN: 1680-7324 Text 2022 ftcopernicus https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 2022-11-21T17:22:43Z Reactive halogens play a prominent role in the atmospheric chemistry of the Arctic during springtime. Field measurements and modeling studies suggest that halogens are emitted into the atmosphere from snowpack and reactions on wind-blown snow-sourced aerosols. The relative importance of snowpack and blowing snow sources is still debated, both at local scales and regionally throughout the Arctic. To understand the implications of these halogen sources on a pan-Arctic scale, we simulate Arctic reactive bromine chemistry in the atmospheric chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. Two mechanisms are included: (1) a blowing snow sea salt aerosol formation mechanism and (2) a snowpack mechanism assuming uniform molecular bromine production from all snow surfaces. We compare simulations including neither mechanism, each mechanism individually, and both mechanisms to examine conditions where one process may dominate or the mechanisms may interact. We compare the models using these mechanisms to observations of bromine monoxide (BrO) derived from multiple-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments on O-Buoy platforms on the sea ice and at a coastal site in Utqiaġvik, Alaska, during spring 2015. Model estimations of hourly and monthly average BrO are improved by assuming a constant yield of 0.1 % molecular bromine from all snowpack surfaces on ozone deposition. The blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases modeled BrO by providing more bromide-rich aerosol surface area for reactive bromine recycling. The snowpack mechanism led to increased model BrO across the Arctic Ocean with maximum production in coastal regions, whereas the blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases BrO in specific areas due to high surface wind speeds. Our uniform snowpack source has a greater impact on BrO mixing ratios than the blowing snow source. Model results best replicate several features of BrO observations during spring 2015 when using both mechanisms in conjunction, adding evidence that these mechanisms are both active ... Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Alaska Copernicus Publications: E-Journals Arctic Arctic Ocean Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22 22 14467 14488 |
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Open Polar |
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Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
op_collection_id |
ftcopernicus |
language |
English |
description |
Reactive halogens play a prominent role in the atmospheric chemistry of the Arctic during springtime. Field measurements and modeling studies suggest that halogens are emitted into the atmosphere from snowpack and reactions on wind-blown snow-sourced aerosols. The relative importance of snowpack and blowing snow sources is still debated, both at local scales and regionally throughout the Arctic. To understand the implications of these halogen sources on a pan-Arctic scale, we simulate Arctic reactive bromine chemistry in the atmospheric chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. Two mechanisms are included: (1) a blowing snow sea salt aerosol formation mechanism and (2) a snowpack mechanism assuming uniform molecular bromine production from all snow surfaces. We compare simulations including neither mechanism, each mechanism individually, and both mechanisms to examine conditions where one process may dominate or the mechanisms may interact. We compare the models using these mechanisms to observations of bromine monoxide (BrO) derived from multiple-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments on O-Buoy platforms on the sea ice and at a coastal site in Utqiaġvik, Alaska, during spring 2015. Model estimations of hourly and monthly average BrO are improved by assuming a constant yield of 0.1 % molecular bromine from all snowpack surfaces on ozone deposition. The blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases modeled BrO by providing more bromide-rich aerosol surface area for reactive bromine recycling. The snowpack mechanism led to increased model BrO across the Arctic Ocean with maximum production in coastal regions, whereas the blowing snow aerosol mechanism increases BrO in specific areas due to high surface wind speeds. Our uniform snowpack source has a greater impact on BrO mixing ratios than the blowing snow source. Model results best replicate several features of BrO observations during spring 2015 when using both mechanisms in conjunction, adding evidence that these mechanisms are both active ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Swanson, William F. Holmes, Chris D. Simpson, William R. Confer, Kaitlyn Marelle, Louis Thomas, Jennie L. Jaeglé, Lyatt Alexander, Becky Zhai, Shuting Chen, Qianjie Wang, Xuan Sherwen, Tomás |
spellingShingle |
Swanson, William F. Holmes, Chris D. Simpson, William R. Confer, Kaitlyn Marelle, Louis Thomas, Jennie L. Jaeglé, Lyatt Alexander, Becky Zhai, Shuting Chen, Qianjie Wang, Xuan Sherwen, Tomás Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
author_facet |
Swanson, William F. Holmes, Chris D. Simpson, William R. Confer, Kaitlyn Marelle, Louis Thomas, Jennie L. Jaeglé, Lyatt Alexander, Becky Zhai, Shuting Chen, Qianjie Wang, Xuan Sherwen, Tomás |
author_sort |
Swanson, William F. |
title |
Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
title_short |
Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
title_full |
Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to Arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
title_sort |
comparison of model and ground observations finds snowpack and blowing snow aerosols both contribute to arctic tropospheric reactive bromine |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/14467/2022/ |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Alaska |
op_source |
eISSN: 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/14467/2022/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14467-2022 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
14467 |
op_container_end_page |
14488 |
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1766317351611924480 |