A strategic model of a host-microbe-microbe system reveals the importance of a joint host-microbe immune response to combat stress-induced gut dysbiosis

Microbiomes provide key ecological functions to their host; however, most host-associated microbiomes are too complicated to allow a model of essential host-microbe-microbe interactions. The intestinal microbiota of salmonids may offer a solution since few dominating species often characterize it. H...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology
Main Authors: Scheuring, István, Rasmussen, Jacob A., Bozzi, Davide, Limborg, Morten T.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2022
Subjects:
bistability
mutualism
stress
pathogens
salmonids
microbiome
Mycoplasma sp
Aliivibrio sp
SALMON SALMO-SALAR
TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS
ATLANTIC SALMON
COMMUNITY
EVOLUTION
ANIMALS
DISEASE
Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
Online Access:https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/a-strategic-model-of-a-hostmicrobemicrobe-system-reveals-the-importance-of-a-joint-hostmicrobe-immune-response-to-combat-stressinduced-gut-dysbiosis(de0e3ae0-9957-4645-8084-9075aaad7b19).html
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.912806
https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/318201415/fmicb_13_912806.pdf
Description
Summary:Microbiomes provide key ecological functions to their host; however, most host-associated microbiomes are too complicated to allow a model of essential host-microbe-microbe interactions. The intestinal microbiota of salmonids may offer a solution since few dominating species often characterize it. Healthy fish coexist with a mutualistic Mycoplasma sp. species, while stress allows the spread of pathogenic strains, such as Aliivibrio sp. Even after a skin infection, the Mycoplasma does not recover; Aliivibrio sp. often remains the dominant species, or Mycoplasma-Aliivibrio coexistence was occasionally observed. We devised a model involving interactions among the host immune system, Mycoplasma sp. plus a toxin-producing pathogen. Our model embraces a complete microbiota community and is in harmony with experimental results that host-Mycoplasma mutualism prevents the spread of pathogens. Contrary, stress suppresses the host immune system allowing dominance of pathogens, and Mycoplasma does not recover after stress disappears.

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