Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands
Immunity following infection and vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is poorly understood. The aim was to investigate immunity assessed with antibody response, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), and IFN-γ release under different scenarios∶ in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with and...
Published in: | Microbiology Spectrum |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2023
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Online Access: | https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/diverging-humoral-and-cellular-immune-responses-due-to-omicrona-national-study-from-the-faroe-islands(c199a6d2-b402-48b6-bd42-479b019cc400).html https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/396014328/petersen_et_al_2023_diverging_humoral_and_cellular_immune_responses_due_to_omicron_a_national_study_from_the_faroe.pdf |
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ftcopenhagenunip:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/c199a6d2-b402-48b6-bd42-479b019cc400 2024-09-09T19:39:53+00:00 Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands Petersen, Maria Skaalum Pérez-Alós, Laura Kongsstovu, Sunnvør K.I. Eliasen, Eina Hansen Hansen, Cecilie Bo Larsen, Sólrun Hansen, Jóhanna Ljósá Bayarri-Olmos, Rafael Fjallsbak, Jógvan Páll Weihe, Pál Garred, Peter 2023 application/pdf https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/diverging-humoral-and-cellular-immune-responses-due-to-omicrona-national-study-from-the-faroe-islands(c199a6d2-b402-48b6-bd42-479b019cc400).html https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/396014328/petersen_et_al_2023_diverging_humoral_and_cellular_immune_responses_due_to_omicron_a_national_study_from_the_faroe.pdf eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Petersen , M S , Pérez-Alós , L , Kongsstovu , S K I , Eliasen , E H , Hansen , C B , Larsen , S , Hansen , J L , Bayarri-Olmos , R , Fjallsbak , J P , Weihe , P & Garred , P 2023 , ' Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands ' , Microbiology Spectrum , vol. 11 , no. 6 . https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 cellular immune response Faroe Islands humoral immune response Omicron article 2023 ftcopenhagenunip https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 2024-08-26T14:29:37Z Immunity following infection and vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is poorly understood. The aim was to investigate immunity assessed with antibody response, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), and IFN-γ release under different scenarios∶ in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Omicron variant. This nationwide single-center study was conducted between January and March 2022, where all convalescent individuals were infected with the Omicron variant and included six study groups∶ unvaccinated-naïve, unvaccinated convalescent, vaccinated-naïve (second dose), vaccinated-naïve (third dose), vaccinated convalescent (second dose), and vaccinated convalescent (third dose). Antibody responses were assessed by determining receptor binding domain-specific antibodies and NAbs levels in serum, and IgG in saliva. T-cell responses in whole blood were measured as IFN-γ levels released after stimulation with spike peptides. We found that the humoral response against the spike protein was higher among vaccinated-naïve than unvaccinated convalescent. Unvaccinated with and without infection had comparable low humoral responses, while those vaccinated with a second or third dose, independent of infection status, had increasingly higher levels. Only 22% of the unvaccinated convalescent individuals mounted consistent detectable humoral responses following Omicron infection. However, 98% had spike peptide T-cell responses assessed by IFN-γ release. In conclusion, primary Omicron infection mounts a low humoral immune response, significantly enhanced by prior vaccination. Omicron infection induced a robust T-cell response in both unvaccinated and vaccinated, demonstrating that the evasive immune potential of primary Omicron infection affects humoral immunity more significantly than T-cell immunity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Faroe Islands University of Copenhagen: Research Faroe Islands The Spike ENVELOPE(-37.317,-37.317,-54.017,-54.017) Microbiology Spectrum 11 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Copenhagen: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftcopenhagenunip |
language |
English |
topic |
cellular immune response Faroe Islands humoral immune response Omicron |
spellingShingle |
cellular immune response Faroe Islands humoral immune response Omicron Petersen, Maria Skaalum Pérez-Alós, Laura Kongsstovu, Sunnvør K.I. Eliasen, Eina Hansen Hansen, Cecilie Bo Larsen, Sólrun Hansen, Jóhanna Ljósá Bayarri-Olmos, Rafael Fjallsbak, Jógvan Páll Weihe, Pál Garred, Peter Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
topic_facet |
cellular immune response Faroe Islands humoral immune response Omicron |
description |
Immunity following infection and vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is poorly understood. The aim was to investigate immunity assessed with antibody response, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), and IFN-γ release under different scenarios∶ in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Omicron variant. This nationwide single-center study was conducted between January and March 2022, where all convalescent individuals were infected with the Omicron variant and included six study groups∶ unvaccinated-naïve, unvaccinated convalescent, vaccinated-naïve (second dose), vaccinated-naïve (third dose), vaccinated convalescent (second dose), and vaccinated convalescent (third dose). Antibody responses were assessed by determining receptor binding domain-specific antibodies and NAbs levels in serum, and IgG in saliva. T-cell responses in whole blood were measured as IFN-γ levels released after stimulation with spike peptides. We found that the humoral response against the spike protein was higher among vaccinated-naïve than unvaccinated convalescent. Unvaccinated with and without infection had comparable low humoral responses, while those vaccinated with a second or third dose, independent of infection status, had increasingly higher levels. Only 22% of the unvaccinated convalescent individuals mounted consistent detectable humoral responses following Omicron infection. However, 98% had spike peptide T-cell responses assessed by IFN-γ release. In conclusion, primary Omicron infection mounts a low humoral immune response, significantly enhanced by prior vaccination. Omicron infection induced a robust T-cell response in both unvaccinated and vaccinated, demonstrating that the evasive immune potential of primary Omicron infection affects humoral immunity more significantly than T-cell immunity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Petersen, Maria Skaalum Pérez-Alós, Laura Kongsstovu, Sunnvør K.I. Eliasen, Eina Hansen Hansen, Cecilie Bo Larsen, Sólrun Hansen, Jóhanna Ljósá Bayarri-Olmos, Rafael Fjallsbak, Jógvan Páll Weihe, Pál Garred, Peter |
author_facet |
Petersen, Maria Skaalum Pérez-Alós, Laura Kongsstovu, Sunnvør K.I. Eliasen, Eina Hansen Hansen, Cecilie Bo Larsen, Sólrun Hansen, Jóhanna Ljósá Bayarri-Olmos, Rafael Fjallsbak, Jógvan Páll Weihe, Pál Garred, Peter |
author_sort |
Petersen, Maria Skaalum |
title |
Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
title_short |
Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
title_full |
Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
title_fullStr |
Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands |
title_sort |
diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to omicron—a national study from the faroe islands |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/diverging-humoral-and-cellular-immune-responses-due-to-omicrona-national-study-from-the-faroe-islands(c199a6d2-b402-48b6-bd42-479b019cc400).html https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/396014328/petersen_et_al_2023_diverging_humoral_and_cellular_immune_responses_due_to_omicron_a_national_study_from_the_faroe.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-37.317,-37.317,-54.017,-54.017) |
geographic |
Faroe Islands The Spike |
geographic_facet |
Faroe Islands The Spike |
genre |
Faroe Islands |
genre_facet |
Faroe Islands |
op_source |
Petersen , M S , Pérez-Alós , L , Kongsstovu , S K I , Eliasen , E H , Hansen , C B , Larsen , S , Hansen , J L , Bayarri-Olmos , R , Fjallsbak , J P , Weihe , P & Garred , P 2023 , ' Diverging humoral and cellular immune responses due to Omicron—a national study from the Faroe Islands ' , Microbiology Spectrum , vol. 11 , no. 6 . https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00865-23 |
container_title |
Microbiology Spectrum |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
6 |
_version_ |
1809908957869768704 |