Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra

Increasing temperatures and winter precipitation can influence the carbon (C) exchange rates in arctic ecosystems. Feedbacks can be both positive and negative, but the net effects are unclear and expected to vary strongly across the Arctic. There is a lack of understanding of the combined effects of...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Global Change Biology
Main Authors: Hermesdorf, Lena, Liu, Yijing, Michelsen, Anders, Westergaard-Nielsen, Andreas, Mortensen, Louise Hindborg, Jepsen, Malte Skov, Sigsgaard, Charlotte, Elberling, Bo
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2024
Subjects:
CO
Online Access:https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/longterm-changes-in-the-daytime-growing-season-carbon-dioxide-exchange-following-increased-temperature-and-snow-cover-in-arctic-tundra(576ed982-507b-4e9f-af46-89d84bc321db).html
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087
id ftcopenhagenunip:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/576ed982-507b-4e9f-af46-89d84bc321db
record_format openpolar
spelling ftcopenhagenunip:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/576ed982-507b-4e9f-af46-89d84bc321db 2024-06-09T07:42:28+00:00 Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra Hermesdorf, Lena Liu, Yijing Michelsen, Anders Westergaard-Nielsen, Andreas Mortensen, Louise Hindborg Jepsen, Malte Skov Sigsgaard, Charlotte Elberling, Bo 2024 https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/longterm-changes-in-the-daytime-growing-season-carbon-dioxide-exchange-following-increased-temperature-and-snow-cover-in-arctic-tundra(576ed982-507b-4e9f-af46-89d84bc321db).html https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Hermesdorf , L , Liu , Y , Michelsen , A , Westergaard-Nielsen , A , Mortensen , L H , Jepsen , M S , Sigsgaard , C & Elberling , B 2024 , ' Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra ' , Global Change Biology , vol. 30 , no. 1 , e17087 . https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087 climate change CO ecosystem respiration Greenland gross ecosystem photosynthesis NDVI net ecosystem exchange snow warming article 2024 ftcopenhagenunip https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087 2024-05-16T11:29:31Z Increasing temperatures and winter precipitation can influence the carbon (C) exchange rates in arctic ecosystems. Feedbacks can be both positive and negative, but the net effects are unclear and expected to vary strongly across the Arctic. There is a lack of understanding of the combined effects of increased summer warming and winter precipitation on the C balance in these ecosystems. Here we assess the short-term (1–3 years) and long-term (5–8 years) effects of increased snow depth (snow fences) (on average + 70 cm) and warming (open top chambers; 1–3°C increase) and the combination in a factorial design on all key components of the daytime carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes in a wide-spread heath tundra ecosystem in West Greenland. The warming treatment increased ecosystem respiration (ER) on a short- and long-term basis, while gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) was only increased in the long term. Despite the difference in the timing of responses of ER and GEP to the warming treatment, the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 was unaffected in the short term and in the long term. Although the structural equation model (SEM) indicates a direct relationship between seasonal accumulated snow depth and ER and GEP, there were no significant effects of the snow addition treatment on ER or GEP measured over the summer period. The combination of warming and snow addition turned the plots into net daytime CO 2 sources during the growing season. Interestingly, despite no significant changes in air temperature during the snow-free time during the experiment, control plots as well as warming plots revealed significantly higher ER and GEP in the long term compared to the short term. This was in line with the satellite-derived time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index of the study area, suggesting that more factors than air temperature are drivers for changes in arctic tundra ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Climate change Greenland Tundra University of Copenhagen: Research Arctic Greenland Global Change Biology 30 1
institution Open Polar
collection University of Copenhagen: Research
op_collection_id ftcopenhagenunip
language English
topic climate change
CO
ecosystem respiration
Greenland
gross ecosystem photosynthesis
NDVI
net ecosystem exchange
snow
warming
spellingShingle climate change
CO
ecosystem respiration
Greenland
gross ecosystem photosynthesis
NDVI
net ecosystem exchange
snow
warming
Hermesdorf, Lena
Liu, Yijing
Michelsen, Anders
Westergaard-Nielsen, Andreas
Mortensen, Louise Hindborg
Jepsen, Malte Skov
Sigsgaard, Charlotte
Elberling, Bo
Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
topic_facet climate change
CO
ecosystem respiration
Greenland
gross ecosystem photosynthesis
NDVI
net ecosystem exchange
snow
warming
description Increasing temperatures and winter precipitation can influence the carbon (C) exchange rates in arctic ecosystems. Feedbacks can be both positive and negative, but the net effects are unclear and expected to vary strongly across the Arctic. There is a lack of understanding of the combined effects of increased summer warming and winter precipitation on the C balance in these ecosystems. Here we assess the short-term (1–3 years) and long-term (5–8 years) effects of increased snow depth (snow fences) (on average + 70 cm) and warming (open top chambers; 1–3°C increase) and the combination in a factorial design on all key components of the daytime carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes in a wide-spread heath tundra ecosystem in West Greenland. The warming treatment increased ecosystem respiration (ER) on a short- and long-term basis, while gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) was only increased in the long term. Despite the difference in the timing of responses of ER and GEP to the warming treatment, the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 was unaffected in the short term and in the long term. Although the structural equation model (SEM) indicates a direct relationship between seasonal accumulated snow depth and ER and GEP, there were no significant effects of the snow addition treatment on ER or GEP measured over the summer period. The combination of warming and snow addition turned the plots into net daytime CO 2 sources during the growing season. Interestingly, despite no significant changes in air temperature during the snow-free time during the experiment, control plots as well as warming plots revealed significantly higher ER and GEP in the long term compared to the short term. This was in line with the satellite-derived time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index of the study area, suggesting that more factors than air temperature are drivers for changes in arctic tundra ecosystems.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Hermesdorf, Lena
Liu, Yijing
Michelsen, Anders
Westergaard-Nielsen, Andreas
Mortensen, Louise Hindborg
Jepsen, Malte Skov
Sigsgaard, Charlotte
Elberling, Bo
author_facet Hermesdorf, Lena
Liu, Yijing
Michelsen, Anders
Westergaard-Nielsen, Andreas
Mortensen, Louise Hindborg
Jepsen, Malte Skov
Sigsgaard, Charlotte
Elberling, Bo
author_sort Hermesdorf, Lena
title Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
title_short Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
title_full Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
title_fullStr Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
title_full_unstemmed Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
title_sort long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra
publishDate 2024
url https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/longterm-changes-in-the-daytime-growing-season-carbon-dioxide-exchange-following-increased-temperature-and-snow-cover-in-arctic-tundra(576ed982-507b-4e9f-af46-89d84bc321db).html
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087
geographic Arctic
Greenland
geographic_facet Arctic
Greenland
genre Arctic
Arctic
Climate change
Greenland
Tundra
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic
Climate change
Greenland
Tundra
op_source Hermesdorf , L , Liu , Y , Michelsen , A , Westergaard-Nielsen , A , Mortensen , L H , Jepsen , M S , Sigsgaard , C & Elberling , B 2024 , ' Long-term changes in the daytime growing season carbon dioxide exchange following increased temperature and snow cover in arctic tundra ' , Global Change Biology , vol. 30 , no. 1 , e17087 . https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17087
container_title Global Change Biology
container_volume 30
container_issue 1
_version_ 1801371314992185344