Toxigenic dinoflagellates and associated toxins in San Jorge Gulf, Argentina

• Published in: Oceanography
• Main Authors: Fabro Cerreia Fus, Elena Ines, Krock, Bernd, Torres, Américo Iadran, Paparazzo, Flavio Emiliano, Schloss, Irene Ruth, Ferreyra, Gustavo Adolfo, Almandoz, Gaston Osvaldo
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Oceanography Society
• Subjects: HAB; Argentine Sea; San Jorge Gulf; SPATT; Dinoflagellates; https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5; https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1; Argentina; Argentine; Alfred Wegener Institute
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/90471

The occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) is a global problem, and particularly in San Jorge Gulf (SJG), Argentina, which supports important fisheries, HABs represent a risk to human health. We studied the diversity and distribution of toxigenic dinoflagellates in the SJG using toxin detection and quantification, and assessed the connections between cell densities, toxins, and oceanographic parameters. Phytoplankton net samples were taken for microscopic and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) analyses during an expedition aboard R/V Coriolis II in February 2014. Solid phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) devices were also deployed to determine the presence of dissolved lipophilic toxins in seawater. Toxigenic dinoflagellate species and associated toxins showed different distribution patterns in the north and the south SJG. Protoceratium reticulatum and Dinophysis acuminata, together with yessotoxin and pectenotoxins, were predominantly detected in the northern SJG, mainly associated with low-nutrient, warmer waters. By contrast, Alexandrium catenella and paralytic shellfish toxins showed the highest relative abundances in the southern SJG, associated with high-nutrient, low-temperature waters. Cellular toxin content was also differently affected by environmental parameters, highlighting the complexity of HABs in this area. Spirolides were detected by SPATT for the first time in the SJG, suggesting the occurrence of A. ostenfeldii. Fil: Fabro Cerreia Fus, Elena Ines. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Ficología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Krock, Bernd. Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research; Alemania Fil: Torres, Américo Iadran. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Paparazzo, Flavio Emiliano. Consejo Nacional ...