Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck
The Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), the largest extant penguin, inhabits exclusively in Antarctica. Little is known about the spine of this species; this work presents a description of the vertebral column of an adult of A. forsteri, compared with specimens from different ontogenetic stages...
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ftconicet:oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/187837 2023-10-09T21:47:14+02:00 Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck Sosa, María Alejandra Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11336/187837 eng eng Springer info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 http://hdl.handle.net/11336/187837 Sosa, María Alejandra; Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia; Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck; Springer; Polar Biology; 45; 2; 2-2022; 309-329 0722-4060 CONICET Digital CONICET info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ CERVICAL MODULES OSTEOLOGY VERTEBRAL COLUMN VERTEBRAL REGIONS https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion ftconicet https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 2023-09-24T19:03:39Z The Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), the largest extant penguin, inhabits exclusively in Antarctica. Little is known about the spine of this species; this work presents a description of the vertebral column of an adult of A. forsteri, compared with specimens from different ontogenetic stages (chick, fledgling, and juvenile). We also analyze the regionalization of the spine with a principal component analysis (PCA), and the modularity with an elliptical Fourier analysis, performing a PCA, followed by a linear discriminant analysis on the PC scores. Our results show that the vertebrae are completely ossified in adults, while the suture lines between the different elements are visible in the previous stages and some structures remain cartilaginous. A total of 42/43 vertebrae were counted (13 cervicals, 2 cervicothoracics, 6/7 thoracics, 13 synsacrals, and 8 caudals), and an extra vertebra appears in the thoracic region of one specimen. These regions are already differentiated in fledglings, but not in chicks. Six modules associated with the S-shape of the adult neck were recognized and are represented by different numbers of vertebrae: module 1 (C1), module 2 (C2), module 3 (C3–5), module 4 (C6), module 5 (C7–9) and module 6 (C10–13). Differences in the vertebral configuration in modules 5 and 6 of previous stages were found, where cervical 10 is part of module 5 due to the absence of the processus ventralis corporis. Fil: Sosa, María Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina Fil: Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Polar Biology CONICET Digital (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Acosta ENVELOPE(-62.050,-62.050,-64.700,-64.700) Alicia ENVELOPE(-63.483,-63.483,-64.833,-64.833) Argentina Polar Biology 45 2 309 329 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
CONICET Digital (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) |
op_collection_id |
ftconicet |
language |
English |
topic |
CERVICAL MODULES OSTEOLOGY VERTEBRAL COLUMN VERTEBRAL REGIONS https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
spellingShingle |
CERVICAL MODULES OSTEOLOGY VERTEBRAL COLUMN VERTEBRAL REGIONS https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 Sosa, María Alejandra Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
topic_facet |
CERVICAL MODULES OSTEOLOGY VERTEBRAL COLUMN VERTEBRAL REGIONS https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
description |
The Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), the largest extant penguin, inhabits exclusively in Antarctica. Little is known about the spine of this species; this work presents a description of the vertebral column of an adult of A. forsteri, compared with specimens from different ontogenetic stages (chick, fledgling, and juvenile). We also analyze the regionalization of the spine with a principal component analysis (PCA), and the modularity with an elliptical Fourier analysis, performing a PCA, followed by a linear discriminant analysis on the PC scores. Our results show that the vertebrae are completely ossified in adults, while the suture lines between the different elements are visible in the previous stages and some structures remain cartilaginous. A total of 42/43 vertebrae were counted (13 cervicals, 2 cervicothoracics, 6/7 thoracics, 13 synsacrals, and 8 caudals), and an extra vertebra appears in the thoracic region of one specimen. These regions are already differentiated in fledglings, but not in chicks. Six modules associated with the S-shape of the adult neck were recognized and are represented by different numbers of vertebrae: module 1 (C1), module 2 (C2), module 3 (C3–5), module 4 (C6), module 5 (C7–9) and module 6 (C10–13). Differences in the vertebral configuration in modules 5 and 6 of previous stages were found, where cervical 10 is part of module 5 due to the absence of the processus ventralis corporis. Fil: Sosa, María Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina Fil: Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sosa, María Alejandra Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia |
author_facet |
Sosa, María Alejandra Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia |
author_sort |
Sosa, María Alejandra |
title |
Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
title_short |
Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
title_full |
Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
title_fullStr |
Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
title_full_unstemmed |
Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
title_sort |
postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the emperor penguin aptenodytes forsteri (aves, sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck |
publisher |
Springer |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/187837 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.050,-62.050,-64.700,-64.700) ENVELOPE(-63.483,-63.483,-64.833,-64.833) |
geographic |
Acosta Alicia Argentina |
geographic_facet |
Acosta Alicia Argentina |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Polar Biology |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Polar Biology |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 http://hdl.handle.net/11336/187837 Sosa, María Alejandra; Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia; Postnatal ontogeny of the spine of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) and modularity of the neck; Springer; Polar Biology; 45; 2; 2-2022; 309-329 0722-4060 CONICET Digital CONICET |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-02986-2 |
container_title |
Polar Biology |
container_volume |
45 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
309 |
op_container_end_page |
329 |
_version_ |
1779310196881883136 |