Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer
The presence of sea ice acts as a physical barrier for air–sea exchange. On the other hand it creates additional turbulence due to current shear and convection during ice formation. We present results from a laboratory study that demonstrate how shear and convection in the ice–ocean boundary layer c...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 |
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ftcolumbiauniv:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/z5f6-zq91 2023-05-15T18:17:26+02:00 Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer Loose, Brice Lovely, Ann Schlosser, Peter Zappa, Christopher J. McGillis, Wade R. Perovich, Donald 2016 https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 English eng https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 Sea ice Ocean-atmosphere interaction Boundary layer Atmospheric physics Articles 2016 ftcolumbiauniv https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 2022-01-15T23:21:11Z The presence of sea ice acts as a physical barrier for air–sea exchange. On the other hand it creates additional turbulence due to current shear and convection during ice formation. We present results from a laboratory study that demonstrate how shear and convection in the ice–ocean boundary layer can lead to significant gas exchange. In the absence of wind, water currents beneath the ice of 0.23 m s−1 produced a gas transfer velocity (k) of 2.8 m d−1, equivalent to k produced by a wind speed of 7 m s−1 over the open ocean. Convection caused by air–sea heat exchange also increased k of as much as 131 % compared to k produced by current shear alone. When wind and currents were combined, k increased, up to 7.6 m d−1, greater than k produced by wind or currents alone, but gas exchange forcing by wind produced mixed results in these experiments. As an aggregate, these experiments indicate that using a wind speed parametrisation to estimate k in the sea ice zone may underestimate k by ca. 50 % for wind speeds <8 m s−1. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Columbia University: Academic Commons |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Columbia University: Academic Commons |
op_collection_id |
ftcolumbiauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Sea ice Ocean-atmosphere interaction Boundary layer Atmospheric physics |
spellingShingle |
Sea ice Ocean-atmosphere interaction Boundary layer Atmospheric physics Loose, Brice Lovely, Ann Schlosser, Peter Zappa, Christopher J. McGillis, Wade R. Perovich, Donald Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
topic_facet |
Sea ice Ocean-atmosphere interaction Boundary layer Atmospheric physics |
description |
The presence of sea ice acts as a physical barrier for air–sea exchange. On the other hand it creates additional turbulence due to current shear and convection during ice formation. We present results from a laboratory study that demonstrate how shear and convection in the ice–ocean boundary layer can lead to significant gas exchange. In the absence of wind, water currents beneath the ice of 0.23 m s−1 produced a gas transfer velocity (k) of 2.8 m d−1, equivalent to k produced by a wind speed of 7 m s−1 over the open ocean. Convection caused by air–sea heat exchange also increased k of as much as 131 % compared to k produced by current shear alone. When wind and currents were combined, k increased, up to 7.6 m d−1, greater than k produced by wind or currents alone, but gas exchange forcing by wind produced mixed results in these experiments. As an aggregate, these experiments indicate that using a wind speed parametrisation to estimate k in the sea ice zone may underestimate k by ca. 50 % for wind speeds <8 m s−1. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Loose, Brice Lovely, Ann Schlosser, Peter Zappa, Christopher J. McGillis, Wade R. Perovich, Donald |
author_facet |
Loose, Brice Lovely, Ann Schlosser, Peter Zappa, Christopher J. McGillis, Wade R. Perovich, Donald |
author_sort |
Loose, Brice |
title |
Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
title_short |
Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
title_full |
Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
title_fullStr |
Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
title_sort |
currents and convection cause enhanced gas exchange in the ice–water boundary layer |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7916/z5f6-zq91 |
_version_ |
1766191658475454464 |