Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland developed between the outlet glacier Dyngjujökull and the Askja central volcano and extruded a bulk lava volume of over 1 km3 onto the floodplain of the Jökulsá á Fjöllum river, making it the largest effusive eruption in Iceland during the past 230 years....
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ftcolumbiauniv:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 2023-05-15T16:21:42+02:00 Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland Bonnefoy, L. E. Hamilton, C. W. Scheidt, S. P. Duhamel, Solange Höskuldsson, Á. Jónsdottir, I. Thordarson, T. Münzer, U. 2019 https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 English eng https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 Hydrology Volcanology Volcanic eruptions Lava flows Articles 2019 ftcolumbiauniv https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 2020-04-11T22:19:51Z The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland developed between the outlet glacier Dyngjujökull and the Askja central volcano and extruded a bulk lava volume of over 1 km3 onto the floodplain of the Jökulsá á Fjöllum river, making it the largest effusive eruption in Iceland during the past 230 years. Time-series monitoring using a combination of traditional aerial imaging, unmanned aerial systems, and field-based geodetic surveys, established an unprecedented record of the hydrological response of the river system to this lava flow. We observed: (1) the formation of lava-dammed lakes and channels produced during dam-breaching events; (2) percolation of glacial meltwater into the porous and permeable lava, forming an ephemeral hydrothermal system that included hot pools and hot springs that emerged from the lava flow front; and (3) the formation of new seepage channels caused by upwelling of water around the periphery of the lava flow. The observations show that lava flows, like the one produced by the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, can cause significant hydrological changes that continue for several years after the lava is emplaced. Documenting these processes is therefore crucial for our interpretation of volcanic landscapes and processes of lava–water interaction on both Earth and Mars. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland Columbia University: Academic Commons Askja ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) Dyngjujökull ENVELOPE(-17.007,-17.007,64.717,64.717) Holuhraun ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) Jökulsá á Fjöllum ENVELOPE(-16.707,-16.707,66.150,66.150) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Columbia University: Academic Commons |
op_collection_id |
ftcolumbiauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Hydrology Volcanology Volcanic eruptions Lava flows |
spellingShingle |
Hydrology Volcanology Volcanic eruptions Lava flows Bonnefoy, L. E. Hamilton, C. W. Scheidt, S. P. Duhamel, Solange Höskuldsson, Á. Jónsdottir, I. Thordarson, T. Münzer, U. Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
topic_facet |
Hydrology Volcanology Volcanic eruptions Lava flows |
description |
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland developed between the outlet glacier Dyngjujökull and the Askja central volcano and extruded a bulk lava volume of over 1 km3 onto the floodplain of the Jökulsá á Fjöllum river, making it the largest effusive eruption in Iceland during the past 230 years. Time-series monitoring using a combination of traditional aerial imaging, unmanned aerial systems, and field-based geodetic surveys, established an unprecedented record of the hydrological response of the river system to this lava flow. We observed: (1) the formation of lava-dammed lakes and channels produced during dam-breaching events; (2) percolation of glacial meltwater into the porous and permeable lava, forming an ephemeral hydrothermal system that included hot pools and hot springs that emerged from the lava flow front; and (3) the formation of new seepage channels caused by upwelling of water around the periphery of the lava flow. The observations show that lava flows, like the one produced by the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, can cause significant hydrological changes that continue for several years after the lava is emplaced. Documenting these processes is therefore crucial for our interpretation of volcanic landscapes and processes of lava–water interaction on both Earth and Mars. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bonnefoy, L. E. Hamilton, C. W. Scheidt, S. P. Duhamel, Solange Höskuldsson, Á. Jónsdottir, I. Thordarson, T. Münzer, U. |
author_facet |
Bonnefoy, L. E. Hamilton, C. W. Scheidt, S. P. Duhamel, Solange Höskuldsson, Á. Jónsdottir, I. Thordarson, T. Münzer, U. |
author_sort |
Bonnefoy, L. E. |
title |
Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
title_short |
Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
title_full |
Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland |
title_sort |
landscape evolution associated with the 2014–2015 holuhraun eruption in iceland |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) ENVELOPE(-17.007,-17.007,64.717,64.717) ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) ENVELOPE(-16.707,-16.707,66.150,66.150) |
geographic |
Askja Dyngjujökull Holuhraun Jökulsá á Fjöllum |
geographic_facet |
Askja Dyngjujökull Holuhraun Jökulsá á Fjöllum |
genre |
glacier Iceland |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rcwh-x074 |
_version_ |
1766009697441153024 |