A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption
Two large volcanic eruptions contributed to extreme cold temperatures during the early 1800s, one of the coldest phases of the Little Ice Age. While impacts from the massive 1815 Tambora eruption in Indonesia are relatively well-documented, much less is known regarding an unidentified volcanic event...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 |
id |
ftcolumbiauniv:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/b0w8-hh55 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcolumbiauniv:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/b0w8-hh55 2023-07-02T03:29:31+02:00 A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption Leland, Caroline Wogan Davi, Nicole K. Anchukaitis, Kevin J. Andreu Hayles, Laia Porter, Trevor J. Galloway, T. Mant, M. Wiles, Greg Wilson, Robert J. Beaulieu, S. Oelkers, Rose C. Gaglioti, Benjamin V. Rao, Mukund Palat Reid, E. Nixon, Troy 2023 https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 English eng https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 Volcanic eruptions Dendrochronology Tree-rings Climatic changes Eruption of Mount Tambora (Mount Tambora Indonesia : 1815) Articles 2023 ftcolumbiauniv https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 2023-06-10T22:20:34Z Two large volcanic eruptions contributed to extreme cold temperatures during the early 1800s, one of the coldest phases of the Little Ice Age. While impacts from the massive 1815 Tambora eruption in Indonesia are relatively well-documented, much less is known regarding an unidentified volcanic event around 1809. Here, we describe the spatial extent, duration, and magnitude of cold conditions following this eruption in northwestern North America using a high-resolution network of tree-ring records that capture past warm-season temperature variability. Extreme and persistent cold temperatures were centered around the Gulf of Alaska, the adjacent Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, and the southern Yukon, while cold anomalies diminished with distance from this core region. This distinct spatial pattern of temperature anomalies suggests that a weak Aleutian Low and conditions similar to a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation could have contributed to regional cold extremes after the 1809 eruption. Article in Journal/Newspaper aleutian low Alaska Yukon Columbia University: Academic Commons Yukon Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Columbia University: Academic Commons |
op_collection_id |
ftcolumbiauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Volcanic eruptions Dendrochronology Tree-rings Climatic changes Eruption of Mount Tambora (Mount Tambora Indonesia : 1815) |
spellingShingle |
Volcanic eruptions Dendrochronology Tree-rings Climatic changes Eruption of Mount Tambora (Mount Tambora Indonesia : 1815) Leland, Caroline Wogan Davi, Nicole K. Anchukaitis, Kevin J. Andreu Hayles, Laia Porter, Trevor J. Galloway, T. Mant, M. Wiles, Greg Wilson, Robert J. Beaulieu, S. Oelkers, Rose C. Gaglioti, Benjamin V. Rao, Mukund Palat Reid, E. Nixon, Troy A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
topic_facet |
Volcanic eruptions Dendrochronology Tree-rings Climatic changes Eruption of Mount Tambora (Mount Tambora Indonesia : 1815) |
description |
Two large volcanic eruptions contributed to extreme cold temperatures during the early 1800s, one of the coldest phases of the Little Ice Age. While impacts from the massive 1815 Tambora eruption in Indonesia are relatively well-documented, much less is known regarding an unidentified volcanic event around 1809. Here, we describe the spatial extent, duration, and magnitude of cold conditions following this eruption in northwestern North America using a high-resolution network of tree-ring records that capture past warm-season temperature variability. Extreme and persistent cold temperatures were centered around the Gulf of Alaska, the adjacent Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, and the southern Yukon, while cold anomalies diminished with distance from this core region. This distinct spatial pattern of temperature anomalies suggests that a weak Aleutian Low and conditions similar to a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation could have contributed to regional cold extremes after the 1809 eruption. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leland, Caroline Wogan Davi, Nicole K. Anchukaitis, Kevin J. Andreu Hayles, Laia Porter, Trevor J. Galloway, T. Mant, M. Wiles, Greg Wilson, Robert J. Beaulieu, S. Oelkers, Rose C. Gaglioti, Benjamin V. Rao, Mukund Palat Reid, E. Nixon, Troy |
author_facet |
Leland, Caroline Wogan Davi, Nicole K. Anchukaitis, Kevin J. Andreu Hayles, Laia Porter, Trevor J. Galloway, T. Mant, M. Wiles, Greg Wilson, Robert J. Beaulieu, S. Oelkers, Rose C. Gaglioti, Benjamin V. Rao, Mukund Palat Reid, E. Nixon, Troy |
author_sort |
Leland, Caroline Wogan |
title |
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
title_short |
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
title_full |
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
title_fullStr |
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Spatiotemporal Assessment of Extreme Cold in Northwestern North America Following the Unidentified 1809 CE Volcanic Eruption |
title_sort |
spatiotemporal assessment of extreme cold in northwestern north america following the unidentified 1809 ce volcanic eruption |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 |
geographic |
Yukon Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Yukon Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
genre |
aleutian low Alaska Yukon |
genre_facet |
aleutian low Alaska Yukon |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7916/b0w8-hh55 |
_version_ |
1770274958789836800 |