The Copper Inuit soapstone trade

ABSTRACT. The existence of an important trade in soapstone vessels between Copper Inuit producers and the Inupiat of north Alaska during the 19th century is well known. This paper puts that trade firmly within the context of the Bering Strait intercontinental trade network, Of which the Copper Inuit...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: David Morrison
Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 1991
Subjects:
Online Access:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.694.5280
http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic44-3-239.pdf
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Summary:ABSTRACT. The existence of an important trade in soapstone vessels between Copper Inuit producers and the Inupiat of north Alaska during the 19th century is well known. This paper puts that trade firmly within the context of the Bering Strait intercontinental trade network, Of which the Copper Inuit soapstone trade appears to represent the maximum geographic extent. Archaeological and documentary evidence suggests that it flourished for only about a generation, between about the 1840s and the 1860s, before being circumvented by the Hudson’s Bay Company and American trading interests in Alaska. The soapstone trade may have been the first step in the rise to relative prominence of the Kangiryuarmiut of western Victoria Island, one of two Copper Inuit groups that appear to have been directly involved. Key words: Arctic, Inuit, Copper Inuit, history, archaeology, trade, soapstone RÉSUMG. On connaît l’existence d’un important commerce de récipients de stéatite entre les producteurs Inuit du cuivre et les Inupiat de l’Alaska septentrional, au cours du XIX ’ sibcle. Cet article instre fermement ce commerce dans le contexte du réseau commercial intercontinental du détroit de Béring, dont le commerce de stéatite des Inuit du cuivre semble représenter l’extension géographique maximale. Des preuves archéologiques et documentaires suggerent qu’il connut une période florissante durant seulement une génération, des années 40 environ aux années 60 du siecle dernier, avant de disparaître au profit de la Compagnie de la baie d’Hudson et des intérbs commerciaux américains en Alaska. Le commerce de la stéatite pourrait bien avoir été la premiere étape de l’accession A un certain statut pour les Kangiryuarmiut de l’ouest de l’île Victoria, l’un des deux groupes des Inuit du cuivre qui semblent avoir participé directement A ce commerce.