Supplementary Information: Desalination and Hydrogen, Chlorine, and Sodium Hydroxide Production via Electrophoretic Ion Exchange and Precipitation
We here present additional information on the following topics: SI 1: Calculating the composition of the sodium carbonate zone SI 2: Calculating the composition of the precipitate zone SI 3: Ratio of the precipitate volume to channel volume SI 4: Reagent consumption SI 5: Permeate recovery ratio and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Text |
| Language: | English |
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| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.663.55 http://microfluidics.stanford.edu/Publications/ITP/SI_Shkolnikov+2012+Desalination+and+hydrogen,+chlorine,+and+sodium+hydroxide+production+via+electrophoretic+ion+exchange+and+precipitation.pdf |
| Summary: | We here present additional information on the following topics: SI 1: Calculating the composition of the sodium carbonate zone SI 2: Calculating the composition of the precipitate zone SI 3: Ratio of the precipitate volume to channel volume SI 4: Reagent consumption SI 5: Permeate recovery ratio and product water to channel volume ratio SI 6: Energy consumption due to activation overpotentials SI 7: Amount of charge moved through the system in anion and cation exchange SI 8: Interface width between the sodium carbonate and precipitate zone SI 9: Details of experimental protocol SI 10: Experimentally estimating the conductivity and composition of the precipitate zone SI 11: SPQ quenching constants for chloride and carbonate anions SI 12: Reagent recycling using the Solvay process SI 13: Method scale-up with multiple channels in parallel SI 14: Scale-up concept using continuous free flow process SI 1. Composion of the sodium carbonate zone (trailing zone of anion exchange) The ion concentration profiles for the anion exchange step are governed by electrophoretic migration, charge net neutrality of the zones, and the acid-base and precipitation reactions. During anion exchange, the leading, sodium chloride zone migrates towards the anode, followed by a growing, trailing zone of sodium carbonate (see Figure 1 of main text). The composition of the leading zone does not change during migration. Knowing the composition of the leading zone, we can calculate the composition of the trailing zone, using the electrophoretic migration equation integrated in space and time across the interface between the two zones. (We assume the composition of each zone is uniform.) This form of the electrophoretic migration equation can be written for sodium, chloride, and carbonic acid derivatives as |
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