RESEARCH/REVIEW ARTICLE Contrasts between the cryoconite and ice-marginal bacterial communities of Svalbard glaciers

• Main Authors: Arwyn Edwards, Sara M. E. Rassner, Re M. Anesio, Hilary J. Worgan, Tristram D. L. Irvine-fynn, Hefin Wyn Williams, Birgit Sattler, Gareth Wyn Griffith
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: glacier; Svalbard; moraines; niche; T-RFLP; Arctic; Tundra
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.638.6369; http://www.polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/download/19468/pdf_1/

Cryoconite holes are foci of unusually high microbial diversity and activity on glacier surfaces worldwide, comprising melt-holes formed by the darkening of ice by biogenic granular debris. Despite recent studies linking cryoconite microbial community structure to the functionality of cryoconite habitats, little is known of the processes shaping the cryoconite bacterial community. In particular, the assertions that the community is strongly influenced by aeolian transfer of biota from ice-marginal habitats and the potential for cryoconite microbes to inoculate proglacial habitats are poorly quantified despite their longevity in the literature. Therefore, the bacterial community structures of cryoconite holes on three High-Arctic glaciers were compared to bacterial communities in adjacent moraines and tundra using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Distinct community structures for cryoconite and ice-marginal communities were observed. Only a minority of phylotypes are present in both habitat types, implying that cryoconite habitats comprise