2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys
We examine processes that influence North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies including surface heat fluxes, upper ocean mixing, thermocline variability, ocean currents, and tropical-extratropical interactions via the atmo-sphere and ocean. The ocean integrates rapidly varying atmospheri...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.589.2421 2023-05-15T13:15:03+02:00 2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys Michael Alexander The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.589.2421 http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.589.2421 http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf text ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T13:24:02Z We examine processes that influence North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies including surface heat fluxes, upper ocean mixing, thermocline variability, ocean currents, and tropical-extratropical interactions via the atmo-sphere and ocean. The ocean integrates rapidly varying atmospheric heat flux and wind forcing, and thus a stochastic model of the climate system, where white noise forcing produces a red spectrum, appears to provide a baseline for SST variability even on decadal time scales. However, additional processes influence Pacific climate variability including the “reemergence mechanism, ” where sea-sonal variability in mixed layer depth allows surface temperature anomalies to be stored at depth during summer and return to the surface in the following winter. Wind stress curl anomalies in the central/east Pacific drive thermocline variability that propagates to the west Pacific via baroclinic Rossby waves and influences SST by vertical mixing and the change in strength and position of the ocean gyres. Atmospheric changes associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) also influence North Pacific SST anomalies via the “atmospheric bridge. ” The dominant pattern of North Pacific SST anomalies, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), exhibits variability on interannual as well as decadal time scales. Unlike ENSO, the PDO does not appear to be a mode of the climate system, but rather it results from several different mechanisms including (1) stochastic heat flux forcing associated with random fluctuations in the Aleutian Low, (2) the atmo-spheric bridge augmented by the reemergence mechanism, and (3) wind-driven changes in the North Pacific gyres. 1. Text aleutian low Unknown Curl ENVELOPE(-63.071,-63.071,-70.797,-70.797) Pacific |
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ftciteseerx |
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English |
description |
We examine processes that influence North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies including surface heat fluxes, upper ocean mixing, thermocline variability, ocean currents, and tropical-extratropical interactions via the atmo-sphere and ocean. The ocean integrates rapidly varying atmospheric heat flux and wind forcing, and thus a stochastic model of the climate system, where white noise forcing produces a red spectrum, appears to provide a baseline for SST variability even on decadal time scales. However, additional processes influence Pacific climate variability including the “reemergence mechanism, ” where sea-sonal variability in mixed layer depth allows surface temperature anomalies to be stored at depth during summer and return to the surface in the following winter. Wind stress curl anomalies in the central/east Pacific drive thermocline variability that propagates to the west Pacific via baroclinic Rossby waves and influences SST by vertical mixing and the change in strength and position of the ocean gyres. Atmospheric changes associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) also influence North Pacific SST anomalies via the “atmospheric bridge. ” The dominant pattern of North Pacific SST anomalies, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), exhibits variability on interannual as well as decadal time scales. Unlike ENSO, the PDO does not appear to be a mode of the climate system, but rather it results from several different mechanisms including (1) stochastic heat flux forcing associated with random fluctuations in the Aleutian Low, (2) the atmo-spheric bridge augmented by the reemergence mechanism, and (3) wind-driven changes in the North Pacific gyres. 1. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Michael Alexander |
spellingShingle |
Michael Alexander 2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
author_facet |
Michael Alexander |
author_sort |
Michael Alexander |
title |
2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
title_short |
2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
title_full |
2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
title_fullStr |
2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
title_full_unstemmed |
2010: Extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, Geophys |
title_sort |
2010: extratropical air-sea interaction, sea surface temperature variability, and the pacific decadal oscillation. climate dynamics: why does climate vary?, geophys |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.589.2421 http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-63.071,-63.071,-70.797,-70.797) |
geographic |
Curl Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Curl Pacific |
genre |
aleutian low |
genre_facet |
aleutian low |
op_source |
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.589.2421 http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/people/michael.alexander/Alexander.agu-chapter.11-10.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766266754918514688 |