Eskers and bedrock gorges (tunnel valleys) in the Pakasaivo area, western Finnish Lapland
Studies of the deglaciation of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet, including the behavior of the ice sheet and meltwater activity, were conducted in the vicinity of the Pakasaivo can-yon lake, located in western Finnish Lapland. Pakasaivo itself, a circular basin up to 100 m deep, was formed in the bro...
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| Language: | English |
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| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.527.8173 http://www.geologinenseura.fi/bulletin/Volume75/Johansson.pdf |
| Summary: | Studies of the deglaciation of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet, including the behavior of the ice sheet and meltwater activity, were conducted in the vicinity of the Pakasaivo can-yon lake, located in western Finnish Lapland. Pakasaivo itself, a circular basin up to 100 m deep, was formed in the broken bedrock by glacial erosion and meltwater streams. It was originally related to a former subglacial meltwater system, including the deep Keinokur-su gorge. Both this gorge and the Pakasaivo canyon lake were formed subglacially during an early stage of deglaciation. It was characterized by intense meltwater erosion, which in Pakasaivo also seems to have generated a strong whirl. Steep-crested esker ridges were subsequently deposited; subaerial meltwater activity then followed. Finally the meltwater was discharged from the ice-dammed lake north of the area and passed through the Pa-kasaivo canyon to the ice-free areas. This caused additional intense erosion of the can-yon fl oor and walls, and the deep circular basin is highly similar to a plunge pool formed at the base of a cataract. |
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