Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America
A warmer climate in western North America will likely affect forests directly through soil moisture stress and indirectly through increased extent and severity of disturbances. We propose that stress complexes, combinations of biotic and abiotic stresses, compromise the vigor and ultimate sustainabi...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.514.1309 2023-05-15T17:58:00+02:00 Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America Donald Mckenzie David L. Peterson Jeremy J. Littell The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 2009 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.514.1309 http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf en eng Elsevier Science, Ltd http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.514.1309 http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf text 2009 ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T09:47:21Z A warmer climate in western North America will likely affect forests directly through soil moisture stress and indirectly through increased extent and severity of disturbances. We propose that stress complexes, combinations of biotic and abiotic stresses, compromise the vigor and ultimate sustainability of forest ecosystems. Across western North America, increased water deficit will accelerate the normal stress complex experienced in forests, which typically involves some combination of multi-year drought, insects, and fire. Four examples suggest how stress complexes are region-specific. Symptoms of prolonged drought and insects are currently mani-fested in extensive dieback of pine species in the pinyon-juniper forest of the American Southwest, an area where only a few tree species can survive. Air pollution and high stand densities from fire exclusion have compromised mixed-conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada. Bark beetles are proliferating and killing millions of hectares of dry forest in the northern interior of western North America, setting up the prospect of large and intense fires. Fire and insect mortality have also exceeded previously recorded levels in both interior and south-central Alaska, possibly precipitating extensive ecosystem changes, while extensive permafrost degradation is causing other changes. Increases in fire disturbance superimposed on forests with increased stress from drought and insects may have significant effects on growth, regeneration, long-term distribution and abundance of forest species, and short- and long-term carbon sequestration. The effects of stress complexes will be magnified given a warming climate. Text permafrost Alaska Unknown |
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English |
description |
A warmer climate in western North America will likely affect forests directly through soil moisture stress and indirectly through increased extent and severity of disturbances. We propose that stress complexes, combinations of biotic and abiotic stresses, compromise the vigor and ultimate sustainability of forest ecosystems. Across western North America, increased water deficit will accelerate the normal stress complex experienced in forests, which typically involves some combination of multi-year drought, insects, and fire. Four examples suggest how stress complexes are region-specific. Symptoms of prolonged drought and insects are currently mani-fested in extensive dieback of pine species in the pinyon-juniper forest of the American Southwest, an area where only a few tree species can survive. Air pollution and high stand densities from fire exclusion have compromised mixed-conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada. Bark beetles are proliferating and killing millions of hectares of dry forest in the northern interior of western North America, setting up the prospect of large and intense fires. Fire and insect mortality have also exceeded previously recorded levels in both interior and south-central Alaska, possibly precipitating extensive ecosystem changes, while extensive permafrost degradation is causing other changes. Increases in fire disturbance superimposed on forests with increased stress from drought and insects may have significant effects on growth, regeneration, long-term distribution and abundance of forest species, and short- and long-term carbon sequestration. The effects of stress complexes will be magnified given a warming climate. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Donald Mckenzie David L. Peterson Jeremy J. Littell |
spellingShingle |
Donald Mckenzie David L. Peterson Jeremy J. Littell Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
author_facet |
Donald Mckenzie David L. Peterson Jeremy J. Littell |
author_sort |
Donald Mckenzie |
title |
Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
title_short |
Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
title_full |
Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
title_fullStr |
Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America |
title_sort |
global warming and stress complexes in forests of western north america |
publisher |
Elsevier Science, Ltd |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.514.1309 http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf |
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permafrost Alaska |
genre_facet |
permafrost Alaska |
op_source |
http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.514.1309 http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766166523019264000 |