Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview
SYNOPSIS. Sponges are important components of marine benthic communities of Antarctica. Numbers of species are high, within the lower range for tropical latitudes, similar to those in the Arctic, and comparable or higher than those of temperate marine environments. Many have circumpolar distribution...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.508.8892 2023-05-15T13:31:18+02:00 Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview James B. Mcclintock Charles D. Amsler Bill J. Baker Rob W. M. Van Soest The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.508.8892 http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.508.8892 http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf text ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T09:31:03Z SYNOPSIS. Sponges are important components of marine benthic communities of Antarctica. Numbers of species are high, within the lower range for tropical latitudes, similar to those in the Arctic, and comparable or higher than those of temperate marine environments. Many have circumpolar distributions and in some habitats hexactinellids dominate benthic biomass. Antarctic sponge assemblages contribute considerable structural heterogeneity for colonizing epibionts. They also represent a significant source of nutrients to prospective predators, including a suite of spongivorous sea stars whose selective foraging behaviors have important ramifications upon community structure. The highly seasonal plankton blooms that typify the Antarctic continental shelf are paradoxical when considering the planktivorous diets of sponges. Throughout much of the year Antarctic sponges must either exploit alternate sources of nutrition such as dissolved organic carbon or be physiologically adapted to withstand resource constraints. In contrast to predictions that global patterns of predation should select for an inverse correlation between latitude and chemical defenses in marine sponges, such defenses are not uncommon in Antarctic sponges. Some species sequester their defensive metabolites in the outermost layers where they are optimally effective against sea star pre-dation. Secondary metabolites have also been shown to short-circuit molting in sponge-feeding amphipods and prevent fouling by diatoms. Coloration in Antarctic sponges may be the result of relict pigments orig- Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Unknown Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
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description |
SYNOPSIS. Sponges are important components of marine benthic communities of Antarctica. Numbers of species are high, within the lower range for tropical latitudes, similar to those in the Arctic, and comparable or higher than those of temperate marine environments. Many have circumpolar distributions and in some habitats hexactinellids dominate benthic biomass. Antarctic sponge assemblages contribute considerable structural heterogeneity for colonizing epibionts. They also represent a significant source of nutrients to prospective predators, including a suite of spongivorous sea stars whose selective foraging behaviors have important ramifications upon community structure. The highly seasonal plankton blooms that typify the Antarctic continental shelf are paradoxical when considering the planktivorous diets of sponges. Throughout much of the year Antarctic sponges must either exploit alternate sources of nutrition such as dissolved organic carbon or be physiologically adapted to withstand resource constraints. In contrast to predictions that global patterns of predation should select for an inverse correlation between latitude and chemical defenses in marine sponges, such defenses are not uncommon in Antarctic sponges. Some species sequester their defensive metabolites in the outermost layers where they are optimally effective against sea star pre-dation. Secondary metabolites have also been shown to short-circuit molting in sponge-feeding amphipods and prevent fouling by diatoms. Coloration in Antarctic sponges may be the result of relict pigments orig- |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
James B. Mcclintock Charles D. Amsler Bill J. Baker Rob W. M. Van Soest |
spellingShingle |
James B. Mcclintock Charles D. Amsler Bill J. Baker Rob W. M. Van Soest Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
author_facet |
James B. Mcclintock Charles D. Amsler Bill J. Baker Rob W. M. Van Soest |
author_sort |
James B. Mcclintock |
title |
Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
title_short |
Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
title_full |
Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
title_fullStr |
Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecology of Antarctic marine sponges: An overview |
title_sort |
ecology of antarctic marine sponges: an overview |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.508.8892 http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
op_source |
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.508.8892 http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/359.full.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766017307738374144 |