13. LATE MIOCENE TO HOLOCENE GLACIAL HISTORY OF EAST ANTARCTICA REVEALED BY SEDIMENTS FROM SITES 745 AND 7461

• Main Authors: Werner U. Ehrmann, Hannes Grobe, Dieter K. Fütterer
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amery; Antarctic; Australian Antarctic Basin; Australian-Antarctic Basin; East Antarctica; Southern Ocean; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctica; Ice Shelves
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.508.555; http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/119_SR/VOLUME/CHAPTERS/sr119_13.pdf

The sediments recovered at ODP Sites 745 and 746 in the Australian-Antarctic Basin are characterized by cyclic fa-des changes between clayey diatom oozes and diatomaceous clays ranging in age from late Miocene (about 10 Ma) to Quaternary. The gravel and terrigenous sand content of the sediments is used as an indicator of the intensity of ice rafting through time. Maxima are recorded at 8.7-7.9, 6.6-6.0, 5.0-4.4, and 4.0-3.2 Ma. The maxima in more recent times are much less pronounced and occur at 2.4-1.6 and 1.4-1.0 Ma. All sand- and gravel-sized terrigenous sediment particles are of gneissic or granitic origin and originated from the East Antarctic continent. The maxima of ice rafting recorded at Sites 745 and 746 do not appear to represent local phenomena. Rather they document major advances and decays of the Antarctic ice shelves and glaciers and therefore represent events of great importance for the reconstruction of the pa-leoceanography of the Southern Ocean and the glacial history of Antarctica. In general, ice rafting was pronounced in the late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs, which are characterized by repeated ice advances and retreats. Ice rafting was less intensive during the late Pliocene to Quaternary time period, when ice shelves remained relative stable. The clay minerals indicate the fluctuating influence of different source areas on the delivery of fine-grained terrige-nous sediment components. Part of this material may have been delivered from the Permian Amery Formation or from equivalents of this formation.