Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins
Energetic requirements of under-water swimming in pygoscelid penguins were studied in Antarctica, using respirometry together with a 21 m long swim canal and externally attached devices recording the swimming speed and dive duration of unrestrained animals. Field measurements were compared with meas...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.497.8822 2023-05-15T14:06:26+02:00 Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins Boris M. Culik Rory P. Wilson The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 1994 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.497.8822 http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.497.8822 http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf text 1994 ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T08:52:45Z Energetic requirements of under-water swimming in pygoscelid penguins were studied in Antarctica, using respirometry together with a 21 m long swim canal and externally attached devices recording the swimming speed and dive duration of unrestrained animals. Field measurements were compared with measurements of the hydrodynamic properties of an Adélie penguin model in a circulating water tank. Minimium transport costs during underwater swimming in Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica) and gentoo (P. papua) penguins averaged 4.9, 3.7 and 7.6 J kg21 m21, respectively, at their preferred swimming speeds of 2.2, 2.4 and 1.8 m s21, allowing the birds to dive aerobically for 110, 130 and 93 s, respectively. From the swim canal measurements, we calculated a drag coefficient (CD) of 0.0368 for a typical Adélie penguin at 2.2 m s21. This value is significantly lower than the CD of 0.04 of an ideal spindle and the CD of 0.0496 measured on the model in the laboratory. The reasons for this difference are discussed. Text Antarc* Antarctica Pygoscelis adeliae Unknown |
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Open Polar |
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ftciteseerx |
language |
English |
description |
Energetic requirements of under-water swimming in pygoscelid penguins were studied in Antarctica, using respirometry together with a 21 m long swim canal and externally attached devices recording the swimming speed and dive duration of unrestrained animals. Field measurements were compared with measurements of the hydrodynamic properties of an Adélie penguin model in a circulating water tank. Minimium transport costs during underwater swimming in Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica) and gentoo (P. papua) penguins averaged 4.9, 3.7 and 7.6 J kg21 m21, respectively, at their preferred swimming speeds of 2.2, 2.4 and 1.8 m s21, allowing the birds to dive aerobically for 110, 130 and 93 s, respectively. From the swim canal measurements, we calculated a drag coefficient (CD) of 0.0368 for a typical Adélie penguin at 2.2 m s21. This value is significantly lower than the CD of 0.04 of an ideal spindle and the CD of 0.0496 measured on the model in the laboratory. The reasons for this difference are discussed. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Boris M. Culik Rory P. Wilson |
spellingShingle |
Boris M. Culik Rory P. Wilson Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
author_facet |
Boris M. Culik Rory P. Wilson |
author_sort |
Boris M. Culik |
title |
Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
title_short |
Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
title_full |
Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
title_fullStr |
Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
title_sort |
underwater swimming at low energetic cost by pygoscelid penguins |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.497.8822 http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Pygoscelis adeliae |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Pygoscelis adeliae |
op_source |
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.497.8822 http://jeb.biologists.org/content/197/1/65.full.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766278148937220096 |