Development of Swimming and Feeding Functions in Larval Turbot, Psetta

• Main Authors: Hiroshi Kohno, Masato Moteki, Kenzo Yoseda, Temel Ùahin, Cennet Üstünda
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 2001
• Subjects: Turbot
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.486.596; http://www.trjfas.org/pdf/issue_1_1/07_15.pdf

Developmental sequences of swimming- and feeding-related structures were examined in laboratory-reared larvae of the turbot, Psetta maxima. The following five swimming and four feeding developmental stages were recognized. Swimming: 1) primitive swimming stage (from hatching to D-13)- no swimming-related characters developed other than pectoral fin supports; 2) caudal fin swimming stage (D-13 to D-17/20) – notochord flexion begin to develop accomplished, and caudal fin rays and fin supports begin to develop; 3) caudal fin + axial swimming stage (D-17/20 to D-25)- vertebrae with haemal and neural arches and spines developed; 4) well-balanced swimming stage (D-25 to D-30)- dorsal and anal fin-ray complements completed; 5) completed stage (beyond D-30)- larvae considered to have acquired juvenile swimming ability. Feeding: 1) basic sucking stage (D-2 to D-9/13)- mouth opens and oral cavity elements (e.g. suspensorium, hyoid arch and opercular bones begin to develop; 2) functional sucking stage (D-9/13 to D-15/17)- further development and initial ossification of oral cavity elements; 3) sucking + biting stage (D-15/17 to D-30)- jaw and pharyngeal teeth increase in number, some degree of ossification in all oral cavity elements; 4) completed stage (beyond D-30)- larvae considered to have acquired juvenile feeding ability. Previously-recognized critical periods for larval turbot, observed at around D-10 to D-20, corresponded to transformation phases from the primitive, basic modes to stable, more functional modes in both swimming and feeding functional development. Key Words: turbot, Psetta maxima, osteological development, functional development