Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere
This study investigates the response of a global model of the climate to the quadrupling of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The model consists of (1) a general circulation model of the atmosphere, (2) a heat and water balance model of the continents, and (3) a simple mixed layer model of th...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.352.9934 2023-05-15T13:12:01+02:00 Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere Syukuro Manabe Ronald J. Stouffer The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 1980 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.352.9934 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.352.9934 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e text 1980 ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T00:26:22Z This study investigates the response of a global model of the climate to the quadrupling of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The model consists of (1) a general circulation model of the atmosphere, (2) a heat and water balance model of the continents, and (3) a simple mixed layer model of the oceans. It has a global computational domain and realistic geography. For the computation of radiative transfer, the seasonal variation of insolation is imposed at the top of the model atmosphere, and the fixed distribution of cloud cover is prescribed as a function of latitude and of height. It is found that with some exceptions, the model succeeds in reproducing the large-scale characteristics of seasonal and geographical variation of the observed atmospheric temperature. The climatic effect of a CO2 increase is determined by comparing statistical equilibrium states of the model atmosphere with a normal concentration and with a 4 times the normal concentration of CO2 in the air. It is found that the warming of the model atmosphere resulting from the CO2 increase has significant seasonal and latitudinal variation. Because of the absence of an albedo feedback mechanism, the warming over the Antarctic continent is somewhat less than the warming in high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. Over the Arctic Ocean and its surroundings, the warming is much larger in winter than summer, thereby reducing the amplitude of seasonal temperature variation. It is concluded that this seasonal asymmetry in the warming results from the reduction in the coverage and thickness of the sea ice. The warming of the model atmosphere results in an enrichment of the moisture content in the air and an increase in the poleward moisture transport. The additional moisture is picked up from the tropical ocean and is brought to high latitudes where both precipitation and runoff increase throughout the year. Further, the time of rapid snowmelt and maximum runoff becomes earlier. 1. Text albedo Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Unknown Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Arctic Ocean |
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English |
description |
This study investigates the response of a global model of the climate to the quadrupling of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The model consists of (1) a general circulation model of the atmosphere, (2) a heat and water balance model of the continents, and (3) a simple mixed layer model of the oceans. It has a global computational domain and realistic geography. For the computation of radiative transfer, the seasonal variation of insolation is imposed at the top of the model atmosphere, and the fixed distribution of cloud cover is prescribed as a function of latitude and of height. It is found that with some exceptions, the model succeeds in reproducing the large-scale characteristics of seasonal and geographical variation of the observed atmospheric temperature. The climatic effect of a CO2 increase is determined by comparing statistical equilibrium states of the model atmosphere with a normal concentration and with a 4 times the normal concentration of CO2 in the air. It is found that the warming of the model atmosphere resulting from the CO2 increase has significant seasonal and latitudinal variation. Because of the absence of an albedo feedback mechanism, the warming over the Antarctic continent is somewhat less than the warming in high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. Over the Arctic Ocean and its surroundings, the warming is much larger in winter than summer, thereby reducing the amplitude of seasonal temperature variation. It is concluded that this seasonal asymmetry in the warming results from the reduction in the coverage and thickness of the sea ice. The warming of the model atmosphere results in an enrichment of the moisture content in the air and an increase in the poleward moisture transport. The additional moisture is picked up from the tropical ocean and is brought to high latitudes where both precipitation and runoff increase throughout the year. Further, the time of rapid snowmelt and maximum runoff becomes earlier. 1. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Syukuro Manabe Ronald J. Stouffer |
spellingShingle |
Syukuro Manabe Ronald J. Stouffer Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
author_facet |
Syukuro Manabe Ronald J. Stouffer |
author_sort |
Syukuro Manabe |
title |
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
title_short |
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
title_full |
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
title_sort |
sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of co 2 concentration in the atmosphere |
publishDate |
1980 |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.352.9934 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
albedo Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
albedo Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.352.9934 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm8001.pdf?PHPSESSID%3D731ffe23b1cb09be698f7efaf0495a7e |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766250017937424384 |