It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins
Background: Birds may allocate a significant part of time to comfort behavior (e.g., preening, stretching, shaking, etc.) in order to eliminate parasites, maintain plumage integrity, and possibly reduce muscular ankylosis. Understanding the adaptive value of comfort behavior would benefit from knowl...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.349.4317 2023-05-15T17:03:56+02:00 It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins Vincent A. Viblanc Adeline Mathien Claire Saraux Vanessa M. Viera René Groscolas The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/zip http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.349.4317 en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.349.4317 Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/93/90/PLoS_One_2011_Jul_19_6(7)_e21110.tar.gz text ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T00:14:35Z Background: Birds may allocate a significant part of time to comfort behavior (e.g., preening, stretching, shaking, etc.) in order to eliminate parasites, maintain plumage integrity, and possibly reduce muscular ankylosis. Understanding the adaptive value of comfort behavior would benefit from knowledge on the energy costs animals are willing to pay to maintain it, particularly under situations of energy constraints, e.g., during fasting. We determined time and energy devoted to comfort activities in freely breeding king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), seabirds known to fast for up to one month during incubation shifts ashore. Methodology/Principal Findings: A time budget was estimated from focal and scan sampling field observations and the energy cost of comfort activities was calculated from the associated increase in heart rate (HR) during comfort episodes, using previously determined equations relating HR to energy expenditure. We show that incubating birds spent 22 % of their daily time budget in comfort behavior (with no differences between day and night) mainly devoted to preening (73%) and head/body shaking (16%). During comfort behavior, energy expenditure averaged 1.24 times resting metabolic rate (RMR) and the corresponding energy cost (i.e., energy expended in excess to RMR) was 58 kJ/hr. Energy expenditure varied greatly among various types of comfort behavior, ranging from 1.03 (yawning) to 1.78 (stretching) times RMR. Comfort behavior contributed 8.8–9.3 % to total daily energy expenditure and 69.4–73.5 % to energy expended daily for activity. Text King Penguins Unknown |
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Background: Birds may allocate a significant part of time to comfort behavior (e.g., preening, stretching, shaking, etc.) in order to eliminate parasites, maintain plumage integrity, and possibly reduce muscular ankylosis. Understanding the adaptive value of comfort behavior would benefit from knowledge on the energy costs animals are willing to pay to maintain it, particularly under situations of energy constraints, e.g., during fasting. We determined time and energy devoted to comfort activities in freely breeding king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), seabirds known to fast for up to one month during incubation shifts ashore. Methodology/Principal Findings: A time budget was estimated from focal and scan sampling field observations and the energy cost of comfort activities was calculated from the associated increase in heart rate (HR) during comfort episodes, using previously determined equations relating HR to energy expenditure. We show that incubating birds spent 22 % of their daily time budget in comfort behavior (with no differences between day and night) mainly devoted to preening (73%) and head/body shaking (16%). During comfort behavior, energy expenditure averaged 1.24 times resting metabolic rate (RMR) and the corresponding energy cost (i.e., energy expended in excess to RMR) was 58 kJ/hr. Energy expenditure varied greatly among various types of comfort behavior, ranging from 1.03 (yawning) to 1.78 (stretching) times RMR. Comfort behavior contributed 8.8–9.3 % to total daily energy expenditure and 69.4–73.5 % to energy expended daily for activity. |
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The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Vincent A. Viblanc Adeline Mathien Claire Saraux Vanessa M. Viera René Groscolas |
spellingShingle |
Vincent A. Viblanc Adeline Mathien Claire Saraux Vanessa M. Viera René Groscolas It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
author_facet |
Vincent A. Viblanc Adeline Mathien Claire Saraux Vanessa M. Viera René Groscolas |
author_sort |
Vincent A. Viblanc |
title |
It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
title_short |
It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
title_full |
It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
title_fullStr |
It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
It Costs to Be Clean and Fit: Energetics of Comfort Behavior in Breeding-Fasting Penguins |
title_sort |
it costs to be clean and fit: energetics of comfort behavior in breeding-fasting penguins |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.349.4317 |
genre |
King Penguins |
genre_facet |
King Penguins |
op_source |
ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/93/90/PLoS_One_2011_Jul_19_6(7)_e21110.tar.gz |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.349.4317 |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
_version_ |
1766057932260114432 |