A Portable Matched-Field Processing System Using Passive Acoustic Time Synchronization

• Main Authors: Aaron M. Thode, Peter Gerstoft, William C. Burgess, Karim G. Sabra, Melania Guerra, M. Dale Stokes, Michael Noad, Douglas H. Cato
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: Humpback Whale
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.308.7943; http://www.mpl.ucsd.edu/people/pgerstoft/papers/Thode06.pdf

Abstract—A portable matched-field processing (MFP) system for tracking marine mammals is presented, constructed by attaching a set of autonomous flash-memory acoustic recorders to a rope to form a four-element vertical array, or “insta-array.” The acoustic data are initially time-synchronized by performing a matched-field global inversion using acoustic data from an opportunistic source, and then by exploiting the spatial coherence of the ocean ambient noise background to measure and correct for the relative clock drift between the autonomous recorders. The technique is illustrated by using humpback whale song collected off the eastern Australian coast to synchronize the array, which is then used to track the dive profile of the whale using MFP methods. The ability to deploy autonomous instruments into arbitrary “insta-array ” geometries with conventional fishing gear may permit nonintrusive array measurements in regions currently too isolated, expensive, or environmentally hostile for standard acoustic equipment. Index Terms—Acoustic arrays, acoustic beam steering, marine animals, underwater acoustic arrays, underwater acoustics, underwater technology. I.