The AMANDA collaboration ⋆
The first four strings of phototubes for the AMANDA high-energy neutrino observatory are now frozen in place at a depth of 800 to 1000 m in ice at the South Pole. During the 1995-96 season an additional six strings will be deployed at greater depths. Provided absorption, scattering, and refraction o...
Other Authors: | |
---|---|
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
1995
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.255.8094 http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf |
id |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.255.8094 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.255.8094 2023-05-15T18:22:03+02:00 The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 1995 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.255.8094 http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.255.8094 http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf text 1995 ftciteseerx 2016-01-07T19:55:58Z The first four strings of phototubes for the AMANDA high-energy neutrino observatory are now frozen in place at a depth of 800 to 1000 m in ice at the South Pole. During the 1995-96 season an additional six strings will be deployed at greater depths. Provided absorption, scattering, and refraction of visible light are sufficiently small, the trajectory of a muon into which a neutrino converts can be determined by using the array of phototubes to measure the arrival times of Čerenkov light emitted by the muon. To help in deciding on the depth for implantation of the six new strings, we discuss models of age vs depth for South Pole ice, we estimate mean free paths for scattering from bubbles and dust as a function of depth, and we assess distortion of light paths due to refraction at crystal boundaries and interfaces between air-hydrate inclusions and normal ice. We conclude that the depth interval 1600 to 1800 m will be suitably transparent for the next six AMANDA strings and, moreover, that the interval 1600 to 2100 m will be suitably transparent for a future 1-km 3 observatory except possibly in a region a few tens of meters thick at a depth corresponding to a peak in the dust concentration at 60 kyr BP. 1 Text South pole Unknown South Pole |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftciteseerx |
language |
English |
description |
The first four strings of phototubes for the AMANDA high-energy neutrino observatory are now frozen in place at a depth of 800 to 1000 m in ice at the South Pole. During the 1995-96 season an additional six strings will be deployed at greater depths. Provided absorption, scattering, and refraction of visible light are sufficiently small, the trajectory of a muon into which a neutrino converts can be determined by using the array of phototubes to measure the arrival times of Čerenkov light emitted by the muon. To help in deciding on the depth for implantation of the six new strings, we discuss models of age vs depth for South Pole ice, we estimate mean free paths for scattering from bubbles and dust as a function of depth, and we assess distortion of light paths due to refraction at crystal boundaries and interfaces between air-hydrate inclusions and normal ice. We conclude that the depth interval 1600 to 1800 m will be suitably transparent for the next six AMANDA strings and, moreover, that the interval 1600 to 2100 m will be suitably transparent for a future 1-km 3 observatory except possibly in a region a few tens of meters thick at a depth corresponding to a peak in the dust concentration at 60 kyr BP. 1 |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
title |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
spellingShingle |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
title_short |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
title_full |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
title_fullStr |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
title_full_unstemmed |
The AMANDA collaboration ⋆ |
title_sort |
amanda collaboration ⋆ |
publishDate |
1995 |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.255.8094 http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf |
geographic |
South Pole |
geographic_facet |
South Pole |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_source |
http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.255.8094 http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9501072v2.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
_version_ |
1766201411182264320 |