A Generative Model of Causal Cycles
Causal graphical models (CGMs) have become popular in numerous domains of psychological research for representing people’s causal knowledge. Unfortunately, however, the CGMs typically used in cognitive models prohibit representations of causal cycles. Building on work in machine learning, we propose...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.208.4101 2023-05-15T18:40:28+02:00 A Generative Model of Causal Cycles Bob Rehder Jay B. Martin The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.4101 http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.4101 http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf text ftciteseerx 2016-01-07T17:43:45Z Causal graphical models (CGMs) have become popular in numerous domains of psychological research for representing people’s causal knowledge. Unfortunately, however, the CGMs typically used in cognitive models prohibit representations of causal cycles. Building on work in machine learning, we propose an extension of CGMs that allows cycles and apply that representation to one real-world reasoning task, namely, classification. Our model’s predictions were assessed in experiments that tested both probabilistic and deterministic causal relations. The results were qualitatively consistent with the predictions of our model and inconsistent with those of an alternative model. We naturally reason about causally related events that occur in cycles. In economics, we expect that an increase in corporate hiring may increase consumers ’ income and thus their demand for products, leading to a further increase in hiring. In meteorology, we expect that melting tundra due to global warming may release the greenhouse gas methane, leading to yet further warming. In psychology, we expect that clinicians will affect (hopefully help) their clients but also recognize the clients often affect the clinicians. Many psychologists investigate causal reasoning using a formalism known as Bayesian networks or causal graphical models (hereafter, CGMs). CGMs are one hypothesis for how people reason with causal knowledge. There are claims that causal learning amounts to acquiring the structure and/or parameters of a CGM (Cheng, 1997; Gopnik et al. Text Tundra Unknown |
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Causal graphical models (CGMs) have become popular in numerous domains of psychological research for representing people’s causal knowledge. Unfortunately, however, the CGMs typically used in cognitive models prohibit representations of causal cycles. Building on work in machine learning, we propose an extension of CGMs that allows cycles and apply that representation to one real-world reasoning task, namely, classification. Our model’s predictions were assessed in experiments that tested both probabilistic and deterministic causal relations. The results were qualitatively consistent with the predictions of our model and inconsistent with those of an alternative model. We naturally reason about causally related events that occur in cycles. In economics, we expect that an increase in corporate hiring may increase consumers ’ income and thus their demand for products, leading to a further increase in hiring. In meteorology, we expect that melting tundra due to global warming may release the greenhouse gas methane, leading to yet further warming. In psychology, we expect that clinicians will affect (hopefully help) their clients but also recognize the clients often affect the clinicians. Many psychologists investigate causal reasoning using a formalism known as Bayesian networks or causal graphical models (hereafter, CGMs). CGMs are one hypothesis for how people reason with causal knowledge. There are claims that causal learning amounts to acquiring the structure and/or parameters of a CGM (Cheng, 1997; Gopnik et al. |
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The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Bob Rehder Jay B. Martin |
spellingShingle |
Bob Rehder Jay B. Martin A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
author_facet |
Bob Rehder Jay B. Martin |
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Bob Rehder |
title |
A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
title_short |
A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
title_full |
A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
title_fullStr |
A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Generative Model of Causal Cycles |
title_sort |
generative model of causal cycles |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.4101 http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf |
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Tundra |
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http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf |
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http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.4101 http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/papers/0671/paper0671.pdf |
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