OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic

The transformation of water masses induced by air–sea fluxes in the South Atlantic Ocean is calculated with a global ocean model, Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling (OCCAM), and has been compared with several observational datasets. Air–sea interaction supplies buoyancy to the ocean at...

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Main Authors: J. Donners, S. S. Drijfhout, W. Hazeleger
Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.161.2754
http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf
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spelling ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.161.2754 2023-05-15T13:32:19+02:00 OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic J. Donners S. S. Drijfhout W. Hazeleger The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 2004 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.161.2754 http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.161.2754 http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf text 2004 ftciteseerx 2016-01-07T15:44:07Z The transformation of water masses induced by air–sea fluxes in the South Atlantic Ocean is calculated with a global ocean model, Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling (OCCAM), and has been compared with several observational datasets. Air–sea interaction supplies buoyancy to the ocean at almost all density levels. The uncertainty of the estimates of water mass transformations is at least 10 Sv (Sv � 10 6 m 3 s �1), largely caused by the uncertainties in heat fluxes. Further analysis of the buoyancy budget of the mixed layer in the OCCAM model shows that diffusion extracts buoyancy from the water column at all densities. In agreement with observations, water mass formation of surface water by air–sea interaction is completely balanced by consumption from diffusion. There is a large interocean exchange with the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intermediate water is imported from the Pacific, and light surface water is imported from the Indian Ocean. South Atlantic Central Water and denser water masses are exported to the Indian Ocean. The air–sea formation rate is only a qualitative estimate of the sum of subduction and interocean exchange. Subduction generates teleconnections between the South Atlantic and remote areas where these water masses reemerge in the mixed layer. Therefore, the subduction is analyzed with a Lagrangian trajectory analysis. Surface water obducts in the South Atlantic, while all other water masses experience net subduction. The subducted Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water reemerge mainly in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current farther downstream. Lighter waters reemerge in the eastern tropical Atlantic. As a result, the extratropical South Atlantic has a strong link with the tropical Atlantic basin and only a weak direct link with the extratropical North Atlantic. The impact of the South Atlantic on the upper branch of the thermohaline circulation is indirect: water is significantly transformed by air–sea fluxes and mixing in the South Atlantic, but most of it ... Text Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic South Atlantic Ocean Unknown Antarctic Indian Pacific The Antarctic
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description The transformation of water masses induced by air–sea fluxes in the South Atlantic Ocean is calculated with a global ocean model, Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling (OCCAM), and has been compared with several observational datasets. Air–sea interaction supplies buoyancy to the ocean at almost all density levels. The uncertainty of the estimates of water mass transformations is at least 10 Sv (Sv � 10 6 m 3 s �1), largely caused by the uncertainties in heat fluxes. Further analysis of the buoyancy budget of the mixed layer in the OCCAM model shows that diffusion extracts buoyancy from the water column at all densities. In agreement with observations, water mass formation of surface water by air–sea interaction is completely balanced by consumption from diffusion. There is a large interocean exchange with the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intermediate water is imported from the Pacific, and light surface water is imported from the Indian Ocean. South Atlantic Central Water and denser water masses are exported to the Indian Ocean. The air–sea formation rate is only a qualitative estimate of the sum of subduction and interocean exchange. Subduction generates teleconnections between the South Atlantic and remote areas where these water masses reemerge in the mixed layer. Therefore, the subduction is analyzed with a Lagrangian trajectory analysis. Surface water obducts in the South Atlantic, while all other water masses experience net subduction. The subducted Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water reemerge mainly in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current farther downstream. Lighter waters reemerge in the eastern tropical Atlantic. As a result, the extratropical South Atlantic has a strong link with the tropical Atlantic basin and only a weak direct link with the extratropical North Atlantic. The impact of the South Atlantic on the upper branch of the thermohaline circulation is indirect: water is significantly transformed by air–sea fluxes and mixing in the South Atlantic, but most of it ...
author2 The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
format Text
author J. Donners
S. S. Drijfhout
W. Hazeleger
spellingShingle J. Donners
S. S. Drijfhout
W. Hazeleger
OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
author_facet J. Donners
S. S. Drijfhout
W. Hazeleger
author_sort J. Donners
title OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
title_short OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
title_full OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
title_fullStr OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
title_full_unstemmed OCTOBER 2005 DONNERS ET AL. 1841 Water Mass Transformation and Subduction in the South Atlantic
title_sort october 2005 donners et al. 1841 water mass transformation and subduction in the south atlantic
publishDate 2004
url http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.161.2754
http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf
geographic Antarctic
Indian
Pacific
The Antarctic
geographic_facet Antarctic
Indian
Pacific
The Antarctic
genre Antarc*
Antarctic
North Atlantic
South Atlantic Ocean
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctic
North Atlantic
South Atlantic Ocean
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http://www.knmi.nl/publications/fulltexts/jpo_06a.pdf
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