An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux
[1] Despite improvements in our understanding of the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2, discrepancies still exist between a variety of differing ocean/atmosphere methodologies. Here we employ an independent method to estimate the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2 that exploits all available surfac...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.144.1996 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf |
id |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.144.1996 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.144.1996 2023-05-15T18:18:28+02:00 An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux Ben I. Mcneil Nicolas Metzl Robert M. Key Richard J. Matear Antoine Corbiere The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.144.1996 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.144.1996 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf text ftciteseerx 2016-01-07T15:04:16Z [1] Despite improvements in our understanding of the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2, discrepancies still exist between a variety of differing ocean/atmosphere methodologies. Here we employ an independent method to estimate the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2 that exploits all available surface ocean measurements for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (ALK) beyond 1986. The DIC concentrations were normalized to the year 1995 using coinciding CFC measurements in order to account for the anthropogenic CO2 signal. We show that independent of season, surface-normalized DIC and ALK can be empirically predicted to within 8 mmol/kg using standard hydrographic properties. The predictive equations were used in conjunction with World Ocean Atlas (2001) climatologies to give a first estimate of the annual cycle of DIC and ALK in the surface Southern Ocean. These seasonal distributions will be very useful in both validating biogeochemistry in general circulation models and for use in situ biological studies within the Southern Ocean. Using optimal CO2 dissociation constants, we then estimate an annual cycle of pCO2 and associated net air-sea CO2 flux. Including the effects of sea ice, we estimate a Text Sea ice Southern Ocean Unknown Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftciteseerx |
language |
English |
description |
[1] Despite improvements in our understanding of the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2, discrepancies still exist between a variety of differing ocean/atmosphere methodologies. Here we employ an independent method to estimate the Southern Ocean air-sea flux of CO2 that exploits all available surface ocean measurements for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (ALK) beyond 1986. The DIC concentrations were normalized to the year 1995 using coinciding CFC measurements in order to account for the anthropogenic CO2 signal. We show that independent of season, surface-normalized DIC and ALK can be empirically predicted to within 8 mmol/kg using standard hydrographic properties. The predictive equations were used in conjunction with World Ocean Atlas (2001) climatologies to give a first estimate of the annual cycle of DIC and ALK in the surface Southern Ocean. These seasonal distributions will be very useful in both validating biogeochemistry in general circulation models and for use in situ biological studies within the Southern Ocean. Using optimal CO2 dissociation constants, we then estimate an annual cycle of pCO2 and associated net air-sea CO2 flux. Including the effects of sea ice, we estimate a |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Ben I. Mcneil Nicolas Metzl Robert M. Key Richard J. Matear Antoine Corbiere |
spellingShingle |
Ben I. Mcneil Nicolas Metzl Robert M. Key Richard J. Matear Antoine Corbiere An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
author_facet |
Ben I. Mcneil Nicolas Metzl Robert M. Key Richard J. Matear Antoine Corbiere |
author_sort |
Ben I. Mcneil |
title |
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
title_short |
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
title_full |
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
title_fullStr |
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
title_full_unstemmed |
An empirical estimate of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux |
title_sort |
empirical estimate of the southern ocean air-sea co 2 flux |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.144.1996 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.144.1996 http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/reference/bibliography/2007/bim0701.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
_version_ |
1766195039861473280 |