Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline
Summary Background: Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among those species most susceptible to the rapidly changing arctic climate, and their survival is of global concern. Despite this, little is known about polar bear species history. Future conservation strategies would significantly benefit from...
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ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1079.2752 2023-05-15T15:09:15+02:00 Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline Ceiridwen J Edwards Marc A Suchard Philippe Lemey John J Welch Ian Barnes Tara L Fulton Ross Barnett Peter Coxon Nigel Monaghan Cristina E Valdiosera Eline D Lorenzen Eske Willerslev Gennady F Baryshnikov Andrew Rambaut Mark G Thomas Daniel G Bradley Beth Shapiro The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1079.2752 http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1079.2752 http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf text ftciteseerx 2020-05-03T00:20:00Z Summary Background: Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among those species most susceptible to the rapidly changing arctic climate, and their survival is of global concern. Despite this, little is known about polar bear species history. Future conservation strategies would significantly benefit from an understanding of basic evolutionary information, such as the timing and conditions of their initial divergence from brown bears (U. arctos) or their response to previous environmental change. Results: We used a spatially explicit phylogeographic model to estimate the dynamics of 242 brown bear and polar bear matrilines sampled throughout the last 120,000 years and across their present and past geographic ranges. Our results show that the present distribution of these matrilines was shaped by a combination of regional stability and rapid, long-distance dispersal from ice-age refugia. In addition, hybridization between polar bears and brown bears may have occurred multiple times throughout the Late Pleistocene. Conclusions: The reconstructed matrilineal history of brown and polar bears has two striking features. First, it is punctuated by dramatic and discrete climate-driven dispersal events. Second, opportunistic mating between these two species as their ranges overlapped has left a strong genetic imprint. In particular, a likely genetic exchange with extinct Irish brown bears forms the origin of the modern polar bear matriline. This suggests that interspecific hybridization not only may be more common than previously considered but may be a mechanism by which species deal with marginal habitats during periods of environmental deterioration. Text Arctic brown bear Ursus maritimus Unknown Arctic |
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Open Polar |
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Unknown |
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ftciteseerx |
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English |
description |
Summary Background: Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among those species most susceptible to the rapidly changing arctic climate, and their survival is of global concern. Despite this, little is known about polar bear species history. Future conservation strategies would significantly benefit from an understanding of basic evolutionary information, such as the timing and conditions of their initial divergence from brown bears (U. arctos) or their response to previous environmental change. Results: We used a spatially explicit phylogeographic model to estimate the dynamics of 242 brown bear and polar bear matrilines sampled throughout the last 120,000 years and across their present and past geographic ranges. Our results show that the present distribution of these matrilines was shaped by a combination of regional stability and rapid, long-distance dispersal from ice-age refugia. In addition, hybridization between polar bears and brown bears may have occurred multiple times throughout the Late Pleistocene. Conclusions: The reconstructed matrilineal history of brown and polar bears has two striking features. First, it is punctuated by dramatic and discrete climate-driven dispersal events. Second, opportunistic mating between these two species as their ranges overlapped has left a strong genetic imprint. In particular, a likely genetic exchange with extinct Irish brown bears forms the origin of the modern polar bear matriline. This suggests that interspecific hybridization not only may be more common than previously considered but may be a mechanism by which species deal with marginal habitats during periods of environmental deterioration. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
Ceiridwen J Edwards Marc A Suchard Philippe Lemey John J Welch Ian Barnes Tara L Fulton Ross Barnett Peter Coxon Nigel Monaghan Cristina E Valdiosera Eline D Lorenzen Eske Willerslev Gennady F Baryshnikov Andrew Rambaut Mark G Thomas Daniel G Bradley Beth Shapiro |
spellingShingle |
Ceiridwen J Edwards Marc A Suchard Philippe Lemey John J Welch Ian Barnes Tara L Fulton Ross Barnett Peter Coxon Nigel Monaghan Cristina E Valdiosera Eline D Lorenzen Eske Willerslev Gennady F Baryshnikov Andrew Rambaut Mark G Thomas Daniel G Bradley Beth Shapiro Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
author_facet |
Ceiridwen J Edwards Marc A Suchard Philippe Lemey John J Welch Ian Barnes Tara L Fulton Ross Barnett Peter Coxon Nigel Monaghan Cristina E Valdiosera Eline D Lorenzen Eske Willerslev Gennady F Baryshnikov Andrew Rambaut Mark G Thomas Daniel G Bradley Beth Shapiro |
author_sort |
Ceiridwen J Edwards |
title |
Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
title_short |
Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
title_full |
Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
title_fullStr |
Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
title_full_unstemmed |
Article Ancient Hybridization and an Irish Origin for the Modern Polar Bear Matriline |
title_sort |
article ancient hybridization and an irish origin for the modern polar bear matriline |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1079.2752 http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic brown bear Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
Arctic brown bear Ursus maritimus |
op_source |
http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1079.2752 http://www.ourspolaire.org/images/2011hybridationirlande.pdf |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
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1766340472584798208 |