• Main Author: G W Timco
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arctic; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1062.6553; http://energyresources.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/data/Journals/JERTD2/26408/498_1.pdf

Introduction Physical modeling of a large-scale (or prototype) process is a well-established technique for investigating ice-structure interactions. With this technique, the forces involved in a specific interaction process are reduced, but with careful selection of the experimental arrangement, maintained in the same ratio as in the prototype. This allows an investigation of the forces involved at a reduced model scale under controllable experimental conditions. Typical investigations have dealt with the resistance and propulsion of icebreakers in level ice and broken ice fields, the ice loads on Arctic structures, and investigations into basic ice mechanics problems (see In this paper, these questions are discussed for both the flexural strength and fracture toughness of ice. In both cases, the procedure will be, first of all, to review the existing literature on sea ice and freshwater ice to detail these properties of the ice; secondly, to apply the scaling laws of modeling to these properties to define the values and behavior which the model ice should have; and, thirdly, experimentally measure these properties for model ice and compare them to the scaled prototype behavior. The flexural strength is discussed in terms of the range of strength values, and the effects of sample size, test technique, loading rate and loading direction. The fracture toughness is discussed in terms of range of toughness values, and the effects of loading rate and grain size. Model Ice Growth and Structure In order to fully understand and appreciate the results of the present tests it is necessary to have a knowledge of the growth procedures and structure of model ice. The tests on the model ice were carried out in the ice model tank at the Hydraulics Laboratory, NRCC